Table 4.
Habitual dietary assessment of KU students.
| In an average week, how often do you…? | Category comparison | Males (n = 193) |
Females (n = 422) |
Total (N = 615) |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n (%) | p-value | ||||
| Skip breakfast | Usually/often | 66 (35.1) | 147 (35.0) | 213 (35.0) | NS |
| Rarely/never | 37 (19.7) | 98 (23.3) | 135 (22.2) | ||
| Eat four or more meals from sit-down or take-out restaurants | Usually/often | 39 (20.7) | 58 (13.8) | 97 (16.0) | NS |
| Rarely/never | 51 (27.1) | 115 (27.4) | 166 (27.3) | ||
| Eat less than two servings of wholegrain products or high-fiber starches a day | Usually/often | 47 (25) | 101 (24.0) | 148 (24.3) | NS |
| Rarely/never | 33 (17.6) | 93 (22.1) | 126 (20.7) | ||
| Eat less than two servings of whole fruit a day | Usually/often | 44 (23.4) | 118 (28.1) | 162 (26.6) | NS |
| Rarely/never | 48 (25.5) | 98 (23.3) | 146 (24.0) | ||
| Eat less than two | Usually/often | 36 (19.1) | 114 (27.1) | 150 (24.7) | NS |
| servings of vegetables a day | Rarely/never | 48 (25.5) | 84 (20) | 132 (21.7) | |
| Eat or drink less than two servings of milk, yogurt, or cheese a day | Usually/often | 52 (27.7) | 133 (31.7) | 185 (30.4) | NS |
| Rarely/never | 45 (23.9) | 101 (24.0) | 146 (24.0) | ||
| Eat >6 oz or 168 g of meat, chicken, turkey, or fish per day | Usually/often | 91 (48.4) | 121 (28.8) | 212 (34.9) | <0.001 |
| Rarely/never | 24 (12.8) | 87 (20.7) | 111 (18.3) | ||
| Eat two servings or more of oily fish, like salmon, tuna, or sardines | Usually/often | 26 (3.8) | 53 (12.6) | 79 (13.0) | NS |
| Rarely/never | 60 (31.9) | 149 (35.5) | 209 (34.4) | ||
| Use regularly processed meats, like bologna, salami, hot dog, roast beef, turkey, and cold cuts | Usually/often | 56 (29.8) | 105 (25.0) | 161 (26.5) | NS |
| Rarely/never | 33 (17.6) | 100 (23.8) | 133 (21.9) | ||
| Eat fried foods, such as fried chicken, fried fish, French fries | Usually/often | 102 (54.3) | 210 (50.0) | 312 (51.3) | NS |
| Rarely/never | 20 (10.6) | 50 (11.9) | 70 (11.5) | ||
| Snack on regular potato chips, nacho chips, corn chips, crackers, regular popcorn, or nuts | Usually/often | 76 (40.4) | 215 (51.3) | 291 (47.9) | 0.012 |
| Rarely/never | 34 (18.1) | 44 (10.5) | 78 (12.9) | ||
| Add butter, margarine, or oil to bread, potatoes, rice, or vegetables at the table | Usually/often | 42 (22.3) | 101 (24.0) | 143 (23.5) | NS |
| Rarely/never | 61 (32.4) | 105 (25.0) | 166 (27.3) | ||
| Have sweets, like cakes, cookies, pastries, donuts, muffins, chocolate, or candies, >2 times per day | Usually/often | 75 (39.9) | 220 (52.5) | 295 (48.6) | 0.041 |
| Rarely/never | 33 (17.6) | 59 (14.1) | 92 (15.2) | ||
| Drink ≥330 ml of non-diet soda, fruit drink/punch, Tang, Vimto, or Kool-Aid per day | Usually/often | 61 (32.4) | 101 (24.0) | 162 (26.6) | 0.019 |
| Rarely/never | 50 (26.6) | 124 (29.5) | 174 (28.6) | ||
| Usually take sugar in your tea or coffee | Usually/often | 110 (58.5) | 249 (59.3) | 359 (59) | NS |
| Rarely/never | 26 (13.8) | 54 (12.9) | 80 (13.2) | ||
| Add/sprinkle salt on your food at the table | Usually/often | 67 (35.6) | 158 (37.7) | 225 (37.1) | NS |
| Rarely/never | 44 (23.4) | 87 (20.8) | 131 (21.6) | ||
| You or a member of your family shops and cooks rather than eating sit-down or take-out restaurant food | Usually/often | 63 (33.5) | 161 (38.3) | 224 (36.8) | NS |
| Rarely/never | 26 (13.8) | 52 (12.4) | 78 (12.8) | ||
| Often feel good enough to shop or cook | Usually/often | 55 (29.3) | 17 (32.6) | 192 (31.6) | 0.001 |
| Rarely/never | 43 (22.9) | 64 (15.2) | 107 (17.6) | ||
| Healthy Eating Index | mean ± SD | 31.02 ± 5.31 | 30.97 ± 5.90 | 30.99 ± 5.72 | NS |
SD: standard deviation; NS: not significant.