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. 2019 Jul;370(1):44–53. doi: 10.1124/jpet.118.255679

Fig. 2.

Fig. 2.

Mouse and human PXR agonists evoke caspase-1 activation and IL-1β release in a NLRP3-dependent manner. ATP (5 mM; positive control) and PCN (1, 10, and 100 μM) trigger caspase-1 activation [as assessed by detecting the cleaved caspase-1 p20 subunit in the supernatant (A and B)], along with significant IL-1β release from wild-type (WT) peritoneal macrophages (C), effects that were absent in macrophages isolated from Nlrp3−/− mice (A–C). ATP (5 mM; positive control), SR121813 (SR, 4 μM), and rifaximin (Rifx, 5 and 10 μM) trigger caspase-1 activation [as assessed by detecting the cleaved caspase-1 p10 subunit in the supernatant (D and E)], along with significant IL-1β release (F) from wild-type PMA-differentiated THP-1 cells, effects that were absent in NLRP3-deficient THP-1 cells (D–F). CL, cell lysate; SN, supernatant. All outcomes were measured after a 6-hour treatment period. N = 3–6; *P < 0.05 for indicated comparison generated by analysis of variance and Tukey’s post hoc test; Western blots are representative of three separate experiments.