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. 2019 Mar 11;169(2):579–592. doi: 10.1093/toxsci/kfz071

Figure 5.

Figure 5.

Ethyl pyruvate (EP) treatment reduces organic dust extract (ODE)-exposure induced increase in receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) expression. Cells treated with medium (control) or LPS, PGN, and ODE followed by either vehicle (medium) or EP were stained with anti-RAGE (FITC, green) antibody. A, Compared to medium, ODE-exposed cells showed an increase in RAGE expression at 6, 24, and 48 h (A, upper panel). Compared vehicle (medium), treatment with EP reduced the expression of RAGE at 6, 24, and 48 h (A, lower panel). Immunocytochemistry data for LPS and PGN are not shown and micrometer bar = 20 µm. B, The mean intensity of staining for RAGE was measured using (HCImage software). Compared to controls, LPS or PGN or ODE-exposed cells showed an increase in RAGE staining intensity at 6, 24, and 48 h. Compared to vehicle, EP treatment reduced the RAGE staining intensity. C–D, Western blotting was performed on cell lysates using anti-RAGE and anti-β-actin (loading control) antibodies. Densitometry and statistical analysis of normalized bands was conducted. Compared to controls ODE-exposed cells showed an increase in the expression of RAGE at 24 and 48 h. Compared to the vehicle (medium), EP treatment significantly reduced the expression of RAGE at 24 and 48 h (n = 4, A–D).