Table 1. Physiological parameters of the model presented along with their physiological ranges.

No	Physiological parameter	Symbol	Min	Max
1	Mean resting membrane potential of the excitatory population	$h_e^{rest}$	-80 mV	-60 mV
2	Mean resting membrane potential of the inhibitory population	$h_e^{rest}$	-80 mV	-60 mV
3	Mean Nernst membrane potential of the excitatory population	$h_e^{eq}$	-20 mV	10 mV
4	Mean Nernst membrane potential of the inhibitory population	$h_i^{eq}$	-20 mV	10 mV
5	Maximum mean firing rate of the excitatory population	$S_e^{\text{max}}$	0.05/ms	0.5/ms
6	Maximum mean firing rate of the inhibitory population	$S_i^{\text{max}}$	0.05/ms	0.5/ms
7	Firing thresholds of the excitatory population	$\overline{{\mu }_e}$	-55 mV	-40 mV
8	Firing thresholds of the inhibitory population	$\overline{{\mu }_i}$	-55 mV	-40 mV
9	Std. deviation of firing thresholds of the excitatory population	σe	2 mV	7 mV
10	Std. deviation of firing thresholds of the inhibitory population	σi	2 mV	7 mV
11	Passive membrane decay time const. of the excitatory population	τe	5 ms	150 ms
12	Passive membrane decay time const. of the inhibitory population	τi	5 ms	150 ms
13,14	Excitatory postsynaptic potential rate constant	γee, γei	0.1/ms	1.0/ms
15,16	Inhibitory postsynaptic potential rate constant	γie, γii	0.01/ms	0.5/ms
17	Postsynaptic potential amplitude of the excitatory population	Γe	0.1 mV	2.0 mV
18	Postsynaptic potential amplitude of the inhibitory population	Γi	0.1 mV	2.0 mV
19	Rate of the excitatory input to the excitatory population	pee	0.0 /ms	10.0/ms
20	Rate of the excitatory input to the inhibitory population	pei	0.0 /ms	10.0/ms
21	Rate of the inhibitory input to the excitatory population	pie	0.0/ms(fixed)
22	Rate of the inhibitory input to the inhibitory population	pii	0.0/ms(fixed)
23	Total number of connections an excitatory neuron receives from nearby excitatory neurons	$N_{ee}^{\beta }$	2000	5000
24	Total number of connections an inhibitory neuron receives from nearby excitatory neurons	$N_{ie}^{\beta }$	100	1000
25	Total number of connections an excitatory neuron receives from nearby inhibitory neurons	$N_{ei}^{\beta }$	2000	5000
26	Total number of connections an inhibitory neuron receives from nearby inhibitory neurons	$N_{ii}^{\beta }$	100	1000

Among the 26 physiological parameters involved in the model, there are only 22 unknown parameters that are fit to the data (In our implementation, p_ie and p_ii are fixed constants, γ_ee = γ_ei ≡ γ_e, and γ_ie = γ_ii ≡ γ_i).