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. 2019 May 30;14(5):e0217390. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0217390

Table 1. Overall analysis of R allele in ACTN3 R577X polymorphism with power sports.

Test of association Test of heterogeneity Test of association Test of heterogeneity Effect of outlier treatment
n OR 95% CI CID Pa Sports Performance Pb I2 (%) AM n OR 95% CI CID Pa Sports Performance Pb I2 (%) AM Signi-ficance Hetero geneity
PRO PSO
Overall power
R 44 1.21 1.07–1.37 0.30 0.002 MP 10−5 61 RE 39 1.20 1.12–1.30 0.18 10−5 MP 0.10 23 F ES RH
X 44 0.71 0.62–0.82 0.20 10−5 MC 0.01 35 RE 42 0.71 0.64–0.79 0.15 10−5 MC 0.11 22 F --- ---
RX 44 0.90 0.80–1.01 0.21 0.08 MC 10−5 62 RE 38 0.96 0.89–1.04 0.15 0.30 MC 0.10 24 F --- ---
Western
R 31 1.11 1.01–1.22 0.21 0.02 MP 10−4 60 RE 28 1.12 1.02–1.23 0.21 0.01 MP 0.22 16 F RS RH
X 31 0.78 0.65–0.92 0.27 0.004 MC 0.02 39 RE 30 0.81 0.71–0.92 0.21 0.001 MC 0.13 23 F --- ---
RX 31 0.93 0.80–1.07 0.27 0.31 MC 10−5 63 RE 28 1.03 0.95–1.13 0.18 0.45 Null 0.12 25 F RNS RH
Asian
R 9 0.83 0.48–1.43 0.95 0.49 MC 10−5 92 RE 7 1.11 0.65–1.89 1.29 0.69 MP 10−5 88 RE RNS NC
X 9 0.63 0.47–0.83 0.36 0.001 MC 0.01 60 RE 7 0.72 0.56–0.92 0.36 0.008 MC 0.09 45 RE --- ---
RX 9 1.43 0.86–2.39 1.53 0.17 MP 10−5 95 RE 7 1.91 1.25–2.92 1.67 0.003 MP 10−5 91 RE GS NC
African
R 4 1.03 0.76–1.40 0.64 0.83 Null 0.52 0 F --- --- ------- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
X 4 0.81 0.34–1.95 1.61 0.64 MC 0.80 0 F --- --- ------- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
RX 4 0.99 0.73–1.36 0.63 0.96 Null 0.48 0 F --- --- ------- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

R: common allele; X: variant allele; RX: heterozygous genotype; n: number of studies; OR: odds ratio; CI: confidence interval; CID: confidence interval difference; Pa: P-value for association; Pb: P-value for heterogeneity; I2: measure of inconsistency expressed in %; AM: analysis model; PRO: pre-outlier; PSO: post-outlier; F: fixed-effects; RE: random-effects; MP: more in power; MC: more in control; Null (ORs 0.97–1.03); values in bold indicate significant effects on sports performance only (OR > 1.00); the significance and heterogeneity columns were filled when one or both OR values in PRO and/or PSO was MP, otherwise the columns were dashed; ES: elevated significance; RS: retained significance; RNS: retained non-significance; GS: gain in significance; RH: reduced heterogeneity; NC: no change