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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2020 Jun 1.
Published in final edited form as: Stem Cells. 2019 Mar 14;37(6):766–778. doi: 10.1002/stem.2991

Figure 2. TAK1 signaling is associated with heterotopic ossification after musculoskeletal injury.

Figure 2.

(A) 3D microCT reconstruction of Tak1 tmKO (tamoxifen-inducible postnatal Tak1 knockout (Tak1 tmKO: Ub.CreERT/Tak1fx-frt/fx-frt)) and littermate control hindlimbs showing heterotopic bone 9 weeks after injury (red circles around HO), tamoxifen was injected 7 and 3 days before injury and 3 days after injury; (B) Quantification of heterotopic bone volume in Tak1 tmKO and littermate control hindlimbs showing heterotopic bone 9 weeks after injury (1.0 v. 0.29, p<0.05); (C) Safranin O staining (red stain) in Tak1 tmKO and littermate control hindlimbs showing cartilage 3 weeks after injury(4x magnification; dotted box indicates site of magnified image in right bottom corner); (D) 3-D microCT reconstruction of NG-25 and treatment control hindlimbs showing heterotopic bone 9 weeks after injury; (E) Quantification of heterotopic bone volume in NG-25 and treatment control hindlimbs showing heterotopic bone 9 weeks after injury (1.0 v. 0.35, p<0.05); (F) Safranin O staining (red) in NG-25 and treatment control hindlimbs showing cartilage 3 weeks after injury (4x magnification; dotted box indicates site of magnified image in right bottom corner). All scale bars =200 μm; n≥5 for all quantifications; * = p<0.05.