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. 2019 May 30;10:2380. doi: 10.1038/s41467-019-10104-4

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© The Author(s) 2019

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 3 — Electroluminescence performance of reference devices. a Current density–voltage–luminance (J–V–L) characteristics of the reference white organic light-emitting diodes (WOLEDs) with the single-emissive layer. The inset illustrates the detailed device structure of the optimized reference fluorescent WOLEDs. b External quantum efficiency (EQE) and power efficiency (PE)-luminance characteristics of the fluorescent WOLEDs. Inset exhibits the normalized electroluminescence spectra at the different luminance of 100, 1000, and 5000 cd/m², and the respective Commission Internationale de L’Eclairage (CIE) and color rendering index (CRI). c J–V–L characteristics of the reference WOLED with the double-emissive layer. The inset illustrates the detailed device structure of the optimized reference fluorescent WOLEDs. d EQE and PE-luminance characteristics of the fluorescent WOLEDs. Inset exhibits the normalized electroluminescence spectra at different luminance, and the respective CIE and CRI