Table 3.
Associations between threats/verbal abuse, sexual harassment, and sexual assault with health outcomes in the Harvard Flight Attendant Health Study (2014–2015), adjusted for age, tenure, Hispanic ethnicity, white race, current smoking status.
| Threats or verbal abuse | Outcome | OR | 95% CI | n in model |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Females | Depression (from PHQ-9 scale) | 2.09 | (1.74, 2.45) | 3,240 |
| Any injury/illness because of FA job | 3.17 | (2.35, 4.26) | 3,373 | |
| Sleep disturbances and fatigue | 1.82 | (1.43, 2.31) | 3,160 | |
| Musculoskeletal strain, sprain, joint aches, and pain | 1.62 | (1.38, 1.91) | 3,160 | |
| Musculoskeletal fracture or contusion | 1.72 | (1.28, 2.33) | 3,160 | |
| Males | Depression (from PHQ-9 scale) | 2.72 | (1.93, 3.50) | 861 |
| Any injury/illness because of FA job | 3.20 | (1.94, 5.27) | 894 | |
| Sleep disturbances & fatigue | 0.91 | (0.55, 1.50) | 821 | |
| Musculoskeletal strain, sprain, joint aches, and pain | 1.56 | (1.14, 2.14) | 821 | |
| Musculoskeletal fracture or contusion | 0.93 | (0.49, 1.77) | 821 | |
| Any sexual harassment | Outcome | OR | 95% CI | n in model |
| Females | Depression (from PHQ-9 scale) | 1.91 | (1.52, 2.30) | 3,277 |
| Any injury/illness because of FA job | 3.48 | (2.22, 5.44) | 3,415 | |
| Sleep disturbances and fatigue | 1.75 | (1.30, 2.35) | 3,199 | |
| Musculoskeletal strain, sprain, joint aches and pain | 1.83 | (1.52, 2.21) | 3,199 | |
| Musculoskeletal fracture or contusion | 1.51 | (1.13, 2.02) | 3,199 | |
| Males | Depression (from PHQ-9 scale) | 3.03 | (2.03, 4.02) | 868 |
| Any injury/illness because of FA job | 9.46 | (2.28, 39.32) | 902 | |
| Sleep disturbances and fatigue | 4.71 | (1.68, 13.20) | 827 | |
| Musculoskeletal strain, sprain, joint aches and pain | 1.76 | (1.18, 2.61) | 827 | |
| Musculoskeletal fracture or contusion | 1.09 | (0.49, 2.45) | 827 | |
| Any sexual assault | Outcome | OR | 95% CI | n in model |
| Females | Depression (from PHQ-9 scale) | 2.24 | (1.03, 3.45) | 3,257 |
| Any injury/illness because of FA job | 4.56 | (0.62, 33.01) | 3,393 | |
| Sleep disturbances and fatigue | 1.76 | (0.63, 4.87) | 3,179 | |
| Musculoskeletal strain, sprain, joint aches and pain | 1.98 | (1.08, 3.67) | 3,179 | |
| Musculoskeletal fracture or contusion | 1.64 | (0.77, 3.49) | 3,179 | |
| Males | Depression (from PHQ-9 scale) | 3.39 | (0.40, 6.38) | 865 |
| Any injury/illness because of FA job | 1.77 | (0.22, 14.16) | 898 | |
| Sleep disturbances and fatigue | – | – | – | |
| Musculoskeletal strain, sprain, joint aches, and pain | 2.58 | (0.70, 9.48) | 823 | |
| Musculoskeletal fracture or contusion | 2.74 | (0.54, 13.94) | 823 |
CI, confidence interval; FA, flight attendant; OR, odds ratio.