TABLE 1.
Targets for the healthy reference diet and the mean dietary intakes and AHEI scores in men and women aged ≥25 y in 190 countries/territories in 2017 and 19901
| Reference healthy diet2 | 2017 | 1990 | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Men | Women | Both sexes | Men | Women | Both sexes | ||
| Total AHEI3 | 94.0 | 49.5 | 50.5 | 50.0 | 45.3 | 45.6 | 45.4 |
| Vegetables | |||||||
| Intake, g/d | 300 | 197 | 183 | 190 | 134 | 125 | 129 |
| AHEI | 9.2 | 5.9 | 5.5 | 5.7 | 4.1 | 3.8 | 3.9 |
| Fruit | |||||||
| Intake, g/d | 200 | 87.0 | 99.5 | 93.4 | 58.2 | 68.1 | 63.2 |
| AHEI | 7.7 | 3.3 | 3.8 | 3.6 | 2.2 | 2.6 | 2.4 |
| Whole grains | |||||||
| Intake, g/d | 232 | 29.9 | 28.0 | 28.9 | 28.1 | 26.2 | 27.1 |
| AHEI | 10.0 | 1.2 | 1.4 | 1.3 | 1.2 | 1.3 | 1.2 |
| Sugar-sweetened beverages | |||||||
| Intake, g/d | 0 | 58.4 | 41.5 | 49.8 | 55.9 | 41.5 | 48.7 |
| AHEI | 10.0 | 7.6 | 8.2 | 7.9 | 8.1 | 8.4 | 8.2 |
| Nuts and legumes | |||||||
| Intake, g/d | 125 | 54.3 | 44.3 | 49.2 | 44.2 | 37.3 | 40.7 |
| AHEI | 10.0 | 7.3 | 6.7 | 7.0 | 7.2 | 6.5 | 6.8 |
| Red/processed meats | |||||||
| Intake, g/d | 14 | 36.6 | 24.3 | 30.4 | 32.6 | 22.7 | 27.6 |
| AHEI | 9.1 | 7.6 | 8.4 | 8.0 | 7.8 | 8.5 | 8.2 |
| Trans fat | |||||||
| Intake, % of energy | 0 | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.7 | 0.7 |
| AHEI | 10.0 | 9.7 | 9.5 | 9.6 | 9.3 | 9.0 | 9.2 |
| Long-chain n–3 PUFAs | |||||||
| Intake, mg/d | 250 | 105.0 | 90.4 | 97.6 | 66.7 | 60.0 | 63.3 |
| AHEI | 10.0 | 2.3 | 2.0 | 2.2 | 1.7 | 1.6 | 1.7 |
| PUFAs | |||||||
| Intake, % of energy | 10 | 4.3 | 4.2 | 4.3 | 3.3 | 3.3 | 3.3 |
| AHEI | 10.0 | 2.9 | 2.8 | 2.8 | 1.9 | 2.0 | 2.0 |
| Sodium | |||||||
| Intake, mg/d | 2300 | 5792 | 5334 | 5560 | 5846 | 5731 | 5788 |
| AHEI | 8.0 | 1.7 | 2.0 | 1.8 | 1.7 | 1.8 | 1.8 |
Values are means of dietary intake and the AHEI calculated based on dietary data in 190 countries/territories in the GBD Study 2017. AHEI, Alternate Healthy Eating Index; GBD, Global Burden of Disease.
The reference healthy diet was modified slightly from the target dietary pattern in the EAT-Lancet Commission Report (23).
The AHEI score ranged from 0 (nonadherence) to 100 (perfect adherence); each of the components was scored from 0 to 10. For fruits, vegetables, whole grains, nuts and legumes, long-chain n–3 PUFAs, and PUFAs, a higher score indicated higher intake. For trans fat, sugar-sweetened beverages, red/processed meat, and sodium, a higher score indicated lower intake.