TABLE 8.
Differentially abundant taxa for every unit increase of plasma retinol during early infancy and at 2 y of age in female subjects1
| Log2 fold difference (SE) | P | Adjusted P | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Plasma retinol at early infancy | |||
| Microbiota in early infancy | |||
| Phylum | |||
| Proteobacteria | −3.75 (2.09) | 0.07 | 0.40 |
| Family | |||
| Prevotellaceae | −7.51 (3.07) | 0.015 | 0.37 |
| Coriobacteriaceae | −9.33 (4.17) | 0.026 | 0.37 |
| Lactobacillaceae | −7.24 (3.65) | 0.048 | 0.46 |
| Genus | |||
| Prevotella | −8.2 (2.99) | 0.0065 | 0.29 |
| Lactobacillus | −7.81 (3.7) | 0.035 | 0.59 |
| Collinsella | −9.26 (4.53) | 0.041 | 0.59 |
| Microbiota at 2 y | |||
| Phylum | |||
| Verrucomicrobia | −1.69 (2.61) | 0.52 | 0.86 |
| Family | |||
| Comamonadaceae | 2.95 (0.898) | 0.0030 | 0.089 |
| Alcaligenaceae | 4.20 (2.09) | 0.046 | 0.72 |
| Genus | |||
| Acidaminococcus | 2.45 (0.588) | <0.001 | 0.023 |
| Comamonas | 2.92 (0.896) | 0.0027 | 0.079 |
| Mitsuokella | −5.89 (2.04) | 0.0051 | 0.101 |
| Eggerthella | 4.55 (1.64) | 0.0069 | 0.101 |
| Sutterella | 4.68 (2.05) | 0.024 | 0.28 |
| Oscillospira | 3.63 (1.80) | 0.046 | 0.45 |
| Plasma retinol at 2 y | |||
| Microbiota at 2 y | |||
| Phylum | |||
| Verrucomicrobia | 4.26 (1.10) | <0.001 | 0.0011 |
| Actinobacteria | 1.85 (0.875) | 0.036 | 0.11 |
| Family | |||
| Verrucomicrobiaceae | 4.22 (1.08) | <0.001 | 0.0061 |
| Turicibacteraceae | 3.06 (1.09) | 0.0058 | 0.091 |
| Carnobacteriaceae | −1.74 (0.64) | 0.0097 | 0.101 |
| Bifidobacteriaceae | 1.94 (0.92) | 0.037 | 0.29 |
| Genus | |||
| Akkermansia | 4.29 (1.10) | <0.001 | 0.011 |
| Turicibacter | 3.325 (1.06) | 0.0023 | 0.067 |
| Eggerthella | 2.14 (0.75) | 0.0054 | 0.11 |
| Granulicatella | −1.74 (0.645) | 0.0096 | 0.14 |
| Slackia | −1.65 (0.73) | 0.027 | 0.32 |
| Actinobacillus | −1.55 (0.748) | 0.043 | 0.42 |
1Differential taxa abundance at phylum, family, and genus levels was determined by fitZIG mixture modeling during early infancy (average of 6, 11, and 15 wk; n = 133) and at 2 y of age (n = 127). Taxa with a P value <0.05 or the lowest one were selected for this table. Plasma retinol concentration is the mean of the 6- and 15-wk values. Early-infancy microbiota data were adjusted for type of delivery and breastfeeding status. Microbiota data 2 y were additionally adjusted for age group at 2 y (older and younger). False discovery rate–adjusted P value (adjusted P) was calculated by the Benjamin-Hochberg method.