Table 5.
Outcome and complications of internal fixation in Schatzker type V and VI fractures available in the literature.
| Patient cohort | Case No./open fractures | MFU (month) | Union rate (%) | Complications |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Barei et al.20 | 83/11 | 35 | 99 | 1 nonunion, 2 heterotopic ossification, 4 stiff knee, 1 equinus contracture, 16 implant removal due to symptoms, 16 DVT, 8 superficial SSI, 7 deep SSI |
| Yu et al.21 | 44/− | 23.7 | 100 | 9 stiff knee, 3 varus malalignment, 2 valgus malalignment, 2 deep SSI, 1 delayed union, 10 secondary arthritis |
| Zhang et al.22 | 79/− | 27.4 | 100 | 3 deep SSI, 7 loss of reduction, 3 loss of alignment, 10 knee instability, 17 early arthritis |
| Cho et al.23 | 10/− | 33.7 | 100 | 1 delayed wound healing |
| Prasad et al.24 | 46/1 | 4 years | 100 | 4 extensor lag, 4 loss of articular reduction, 1 compartment syndrome postoperative, 1 skin necrosis, 1 delayed wound healing, 1 valgus malalignment, 1 transient CPN palsy, 3 persistent ACL laxity |
| Khatri et al.25 | 65/− | 32 | 98 | 2 delayed union, 1 nonunion, 9 superficial SSI, 3 deep SSI, 1 osteomyelitis |
| Ruffolo et al.26 | 140/− | 64 weeks | 93 | 4 superficial SSI, 23 deep SSI, 10 nonunion, 6 stiff knee, 1 varus malunion, 7 implant removal due to pain, 3 DVT, 2 pulmonary embolism, 10 flexion contracture of knee |
| Rohra et al.27 | 34/− | 3 yearsa | 100 | 3 knee stiffness, 2 superficial SSI, 1 extensor lag |
| Unno et al.28 | 102/− | 1 yeara | 99 | 9 SSI, 3 postoperative compartment syndrome, 1 nonunion, 2 fixation failure, 3 implant removal due to discomfort |
“−” means unstated.
MFU: mean follow-up; DVT: deep vein thrombosis; SSI: surgical site infection; CPN: common peroneal nerve; ACL: anterior cruciate ligament.
a
The minimum follow-up period.