Table 3.
Studies evaluating arterial stiffness before and after renal transplantation or in different time-points after renal transplantation.
| Study ID | N | Population characteristics | Time points | Arterial stiffness assessment | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| STUDIES ASSESSING PWV BEFORE AND AFTER RENAL TRANSPLANTATION | |||||
| Keven et al. (59) | 28 | Renal transplant recipients | Before and 1-yr after RT | c-f PWV SphygmoCor | PWV (m/s) from 7.76 ± 1.8 to 6.16 ± 1.6 1 year after RT (p < 0.0001) |
| Ignace et al. (60) | 52 | Renal transplant recipients | Prior to and 3 months after RT | c-f PWV, augmentation index (AIx) Complior | c-f PWV from 12.1 ± 3.3 to 11.6 ± 2.3 m/s (p < 0.05) Patients older than 50 vs. patients younger than 50 change-5.5 ± 2.2 vs. 2.1 ± 1.9%, (p < 0.05) AIx from 22 ± 11 to 14 ± 13% (p < 0.01), not age-dependent |
| Hornum et al. (61) | 40 | Renal transplant recipients | Before RT and after 12 months | c-f PWV AIX SphygmoCor | AIX from 27% (17,–33) to 14% (7,–25) (P = 0.01) after 1 year c–f PWV did not change significantly after RT |
| Hotta et al. (62) | 58 | Renal transplant recipients | Preoperatively and 6 months postoperatively | baPWV volume-plethysmographic apparatus | PWV (m/s) from 15.9 ± 4.5 to 14.3 ± 2.6 6 months later (p < 0.01) |
| Kovacs et al. (63) | 17 | Renal transplant recipients | Before RT and 24 h, and 1 and 2 weeks after surgery | PWV, AIx, PP, systolic area index, diastolic area index, diastolic reflection area Tensiomed Arteriograph | PWV (m/s) from 13.36 ± 3.07 m/s to 9.56 ± 3.47 m/s day 1, 11.19 ± 3.5 m/s day 7 to 8.25 ± 1.93 m/s day 17 (p = 0.0075) AIx (%) from 41.97 ± 11.88 m/s to 26.09 ± 10.92 m/s day 1, 23.02 ± 16.5 m/s day 7, 21.96 ± 11.98 m/s day 17 (p = 0.013) |
| M. Kaur et al. (64) | 23 | Renal transplant recipients | Before and at 3 and 6 months after RT | c–f PWV, augmentation index (AI) and central pulse pressure (PP) Sphygmocor | c–f PWV from 8.65 ± 2.02 m/s before to 8.62 ± 3.23 m/s (NS) at 3 months and to 8.06 ± 2.54 m/s (NS) at 6 months AI (%) from 27.7 ± 11.3 before to 17.1 ± 9.0 (P < 0.05) at 3 months and 13.8 ± 12.4 (P < 0.05) at 6 months PP (mmHg) from 41.7 ± 13.9 before to 33.0 ± 11.1 (P < 0.05) at 3 months and 30.1 ± 9.8 (P < 0.05) at 6 months |
| Ro et al. (65) | 67 | Renal transplant recipients | Before surgery and 6 months, 1 and 2 years after | BaPWV Volume—plethysmographic apparatus | baPWV prior to RT and 6 months, 1 year, and 2 years after RT 1533 ± 261 cm/s, 1417 ± 254 cm/s, 1414 ± 285 cm/s, and 1384 ± 233 cm/s, respectively baPWV improved at 6 months (P < 0.05), but there were no changes between 6 months and 2 years after RT |
| Kim et al. (52) | 171 | 171 ESRD pts eligible for Tx, in 84 of whom follow-up baPWV was available | Before Tx and 1 year after Tx | baPWV VP-1000 BP203RPEII (Colin Company, Kyoto, Japan) | The post-transplant baPWV was significantly decreased compared to that of pre-transplant rates (14.18 ± 2.35 vs. 15.17 ± 2.93 m/s, p < 0.05), and 86.9% patients showed no progression of arterial stiffness |
| Bilal Aoun et al. (66) | 15 | Children renal transplant recipients | Every 6 months before RT and 6 months after | c-f PWV AI SphygmoCor | PWV before was 6.1 ± 1.3 m/s and 6.5 ± 1.4 m/s post-RT (P = 0.46) AI pre-RT was 6.93 ± 11.41% vs. −0.53 ± 17.05% post-RT (P = 0.15) |
| STUDIES ASSESSING PWV ONLY AFTER RENAL TRANSPLANTATION | |||||
| Delahousse et al. (67) | 74 | Cadaveric renal transplant recipients | 3 and 12 months after transplantation | c-f PWV Complior | MBP-adjusted PWV decreased 0.43 m/s between 3 and 12 months in recipients of young-donor (17–41yr) kidneys (P = 0.028) PWV increased in recipients of old-donor (53–70 yr.) kidneys from 9.97 ± 1.70 to 10.25 ± 1.98 (P = 0.022) |
| Birdwell et al. (68) | 66 | Renal transplant recipients | within one month of transplant (baseline) and 12 months post | c-f PWV SphygmoCor | Median PWV score was 9.25 vs. 8.97 m/s at baseline vs. month 12 (median change of −0.07, p = 0.7) |
| Karras et al. (69) | 161 | Renal transplant recipients | 3 and 12 months after transplantation | c-f PWV SphygmoCor | PWV from 10.8 m/s (10.5–11.2 m/s) (at month 3) to 10.1 m/s (9.8–10.5 m/s) (at month 12) (P < 0.001) PWV reduction larger in the living donor allograft KT (P < 0.001) Extended criteria donors' group +0.1 (−0.4 to 0.4) Standard criteria donors' group −0.7 (−1 to −0.4) (P < 0.01) |
| Saran et al. (70) | 181 | Renal transplant recipients | Early postoperative period (2–7 postoperative days) Late period (6 months to 27 years) after (RT) | c-f PWV Schiller BR-102 plus PWA device | Average PWV in the early period after RT was 8.02 ± 2.21 m/s and in the late period 8.09 ± 1.68 m/s (P = 0.777) |