Table 2.
| Characteristic | Overall (n=502) |
Functional aerobic capacity (% predicted) |
P valuee | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ≤69 (n=26) |
70-99 (n=178) |
100-129 (n=248) |
≥130 (n=50) |
||||||||
| No.d | Value | No.d | Value | No.d | Value | No.d | Value | No.d | Value | ||
| Age (y) | 502 | 63.3±3.3 | 26 | 62.2±3.2 | 178 | 63.2±3.4 | 248 | 63.5±3.3 | 50 | 63.6±3.3 | |
| Race | 444 | 21 | 154 | 223 | 46 | .11 | |||||
| White non-Hispanic | 438 (98.6) | 20 (95.2) | 150 (97.4) | 222 (99.6) | 46 (100.0) | ||||||
| Other | 6 (1.4) | 1 (4.8) | 4 (2.6) | 1 (0.4) | 0 (0.0) | ||||||
| BMI (kg/m2) | 476 | 29.0±4.4 | 24 | 35.4±7.5 | 169 | 30.7±4.3 | 235 | 27.7±2.9 | 48 | 26.2±2.9 | <.001 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 502 | 42 (8.4) | 26 | 6 (23.1) | 178 | 19 (10.7) | 248 | 17 (6.8) | 50 | 0 (0.0) | .002 |
| Renal disease | 502 | 12 (2.4) | 26 | 1 (3.8) | 178 | 4 (2.2) | 248 | 7 (2.8) | 50 | 0 (0.0) | .56 |
| Hypertension | 502 | 26 | 178 | 248 | 50 | .36 | |||||
| None | 338 (80.0) | 14 (53.8) | 116 (65.2) | 168 (67.7) | 40 (80.0) | ||||||
| Treated | 9 (18.0) | 10 (38.5) | 52 (29.2) | 65 (26.2) | 9 (18.0) | ||||||
| Untreated | 1 (2.0) | 2 (7.7) | 10 (5.6) | 15 (6.1) | 1 (2.0) | ||||||
| Smoking status | 459 | 25 | 152 | 235 | 47 | .80 | |||||
| Never | 222 (48.4) | 11 (44.0) | 68 (44.7) | 121 (51.5) | 22 (46.8) | ||||||
| Former | 209 (45.5) | 12 (48.0) | 72 (47.4) | 102 (43.4) | 23 (48.9) | ||||||
| Current | 28 (6.1) | 2 (8.0) | 12 (7.9) | 12 (5.1) | 2 (4.3) | ||||||
| Family history of CAD | 495 | 25 | 176 | 244 | 50 | ||||||
| Any CAD | 206 (41.6) | 11 (44.0) | 69 (39.2) | 101 (49.3) | 25 (50.0) | .59 | |||||
| Premature CAD | 116 (23.4) | 6 (24.0) | 41 (23.3) | 51 (20.9) | 18 (36.0) | .15 | |||||
| Cholesterol level (mg/dL) | 486 | 25 | 170 | 241 | 50 | ||||||
| HDL | 54.0±15.1 | 47.6±13.9 | 50.2±13.3 | 56.1±15.6 | 59.7±14.6 | <.001 | |||||
| Total | 195.0±37.3 | 195.2±38.9 | 197.5±37.3 | 194.4±38.7 | 189.0±28.5 | .55 | |||||
| Fasting blood glucose level (mg/dL) | 485 | 104.5±17.9 | 25 | 111.8±26.3 | 169 | 106.5±16.9 | 241 | 103.3±18.7 | 50 | 99.9±8.7 | |
| Blood pressure (mm Hg) | 462 | 20 | 167 | 228 | 47 | ||||||
| Systolic | 127.7±15.3 | 130.8±17.8 | 129.5±16.0 | 126.9±14.7 | 124.0±13.4 | .09 | |||||
| Diastolic | 78.5±8.8 | 82.7±12.0 | 79.1±8.4 | 77.8±8.9 | 78.1±7.2 | .08 | |||||
| Resting HR (beats/min) | 390 | 67.1±9.4 | 18 | 72.0±7.5 | 142 | 70.2±9.0 | 189 | 65.4±9.1 | 41 | 62.2±8.1 | <.001 |
| Framingham risk score | 502 | 11.5±1.4 | 26 | 12.1±1.5 | 178 | 11.8±1.4 | 248 | 11.3±1.3 | 50 | 11.1±1.1 | <.001 |
| Exercise | 322 | 11 | 95 | 177 | 39 | <.001 | |||||
| None | 9 (2.8) | 0 (0.0) | 5 (5.3) | 3 (1.7) | 1 (2.6) | ||||||
| Light | 179 (55.6) | 9 (81.8) | 67 (70.5) | 90 (50.8) | 13 (33.3) | ||||||
| Moderate | 134 (41.6) | 2 (18.2) | 23 (24.2) | 84 (47.5) | 25 (64.1) | ||||||
| Treadmill test results | 502 | 26 | 178 | 248 | 50 | ||||||
| MET | 10.2±1.9 | 6.3±0.9 | 8.8±1.0 | 10.9±0.8 | 13.5±0.9 | <.001 | |||||
| Peak HR (beats/min) | 157.3±15.4 | 148.7±17.0 | 152.7±15.8 | 160.8±13.9 | 160.6±14.0 | <.001 | |||||
a
BMI = body mass index; CAD = coronary artery disease; HDL = high-density lipoprotein; HR = heart rate; MET = metabolic equivalent.
b
SI conversion factor: To convert mg/dL values to mmol/L, multiply by 0.0259.
c
Data are presented as mean ± SD or as No. (percentage).
d
Patients with information available for the characteristic.
e
Functional aerobic capacity groups were compared using analysis of variance for continuous variables and the χ2 test or Fisher exact test for nominal variables.