Table 2.
Characteristics of Definite Cases of Cholangitis and Controls Without Cholangitis in ADPKD-Associated PLDa
| Variable | Cases (n=19) | Controls (n=38) | OR (95% CI)b | P valueb |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographic characteristics | ||||
| Age (y),c mean ± SD | 62.4±12.2 | 62.0±11.3 | ||
| Male,c No. (%) | 9 (47.4) | 18 (47.4) | ||
| White, No. (%) | 17 (89.5) | 36 (94.7) | 0.50 (0.04-6.90) | .82 |
| Comorbiditiesd | ||||
| Hypertension, No. (%) | 11 (57.9) | 34 (89.5) | 0.14 (0.01-0.75) | .02 |
| Type 2 diabetes mellitus, No. (%) | 4 (21.1) | 2 (5.3) | 6.41 (1.01-NE) | .05 |
| HD, No. (%) | 1 (5.3) | 5 (13.2) | 0.35 (0.006-3.89) | .66 |
| Gallstones, No. (%) | 14 (73.7) | 6 (15.8) | 21.6 (3.17-927) | <.001 |
| Duodenal diverticulum, No. (%) | 5/18 (27.8) | 0 (0.0) | 13.5 (2.44-NE) | .004 |
| Surgical proceduresd | ||||
| Kidney transplant, No. (%) | 13 (68.4) | 9 (23.7) | 8.06 (1.72-76.0) | .004 |
| Living donor, No. (%) | 6 (46.2) | 7 (77.8) | ||
| Deceased donor, No. (%) | 6 (46.2) | 2 (22.2) | ||
| Unknown donor status, No. (%) | 1 (7.7) | 0 (0.0) | ||
| Nephrectomy, No. (%) | 5 (26.3) | 5 (13.2) | 3.07 (0.4-34.5) | .35 |
| ERCP procedure, No. (%) | 7 (36.8) | 1 (2.6) | 14.0 (1.80-631) | .005 |
| Cholecystectomy, No. (%) | 9 (47.4) | 5 (13.2) | 12.2 (1.59-552) | .008 |
| Liver biopsy, No. (%) | 2 (10.5) | 1 (2.6) | 4.00 (0.21-236) | .52 |
| Cyst fenestration, No. (%) | 1 (5.3) | 6 (15.8) | 0.29 (0.006-2.83) | .48 |
| Hepatic resection, No. (%) | 1 (5.3) | 3 (7.9) | 0.59 (0.008-13.4) | >.99 |
| Imaging characteristicse | n=17 | n=31 | ||
| Liver volume (mL),f mean ± SD | 2609±1117 | 2499±1438 | 1.01 (0.97-1.06) | .64 |
| Height-adjusted liver volume (mL/m),g mean ± SD | 1515±655 | 1471±848 | 1.02 (0.94-1.10) | .69 |
| Bile duct diameters | n=11 | n=22 | ||
| Average extrahepatic duct diameter (mm),h mean ± SD | 8.2±2.0 | 5.1±0.9 | 4.78 (0.75-30.5) | .10 |
| Average intrahepatic duct diameter (mm),i mean ± SD | 6.2±2.7 | 4.0±1.3 | NE | NE |
ADPKD = autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease; ERCP = endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography; HD = hemodialysis; NE = not estimable; OR = odds ratio; PLD = polycystic liver disease.
Odds ratios and P values were derived from conditional logistic regression models.
Cases and controls were matched by date of birth and sex, so no P values are reported for these variables.
Comorbidities and surgical procedures were considered if they occurred before the index date. Index date refers to date of diagnosis of first episode of cholangitis among cases.
Imaging was obtained between 3 years before and up to 3 years after index date.
OR per 100 mL.
OR per 100 mL/m.
Average of common hepatic, upper common bile duct, and lower common bile duct diameters.
Average of left and right intrahepatic duct diameters.