Table 1.
Characteristics of patients with arterial AMI
| Characteristics | Arterial AMI (n = 214) |
|---|---|
| Demographics | |
| Gender, male (%) | 51 |
| Age at diagnosis (years) (mean ± SD) | 72 ± 13 |
| Length of in-hospital stay (days) (median [IQR]) | 13 [4–30] |
| Length of ICU stay (days) (median [IQR]) | 4.5 [2–12] |
| In-hospital mortality rate (%) | 71 |
| 30-day mortality rate (%) | 68 |
| Reason for ICU admission | |
| Main admission diagnosis (%) | 42 |
| Surgical reason (%) | 50 |
| Urgent reason (%) | 90 |
| PMH and comorbidities | |
| Arterial hypertension (%) | 69 |
| Hypercholesterolemia (%) | 47 |
| Diabetes (%) | 20 |
| Cardiomyopathy (%) | 57 |
| PMH of atrial fibrillation (%) | 27 |
| Peripheral artery disease (%) | 44 |
| PMH of cancer (%) | 28 |
| Chronic inflammatory disease (%) | 18 |
| Hypercoagulability (%) | 6 |
| PMH of surgery (%) | 78 |
| Laboratory findings | |
| CRP (mg/dl) (median [IQR]) | 18 [8–25] |
| Serum creatinine (mg/dl) (median [IQR]) | 2 [1.2–3] |
| LDH > 250 IU/l (%) | 72 |
| Leukocytes (× 103/mm3) (median [IQR]) | 14.8 [8.8–22] |
| Neutrophils (×103/mm3) (median [IQR]) | 12.6 [6.6–18] |
| Lymphocytes (× 103/mm3) (median [IQR]) | 0.83 [0.5–1.18] |
| NLR (median [IQR]) | 14 [7.7–24] |
| INR (median [IQR]) | 1.4 [1.1–1.9] |
| Platelets 24 h before diagnosis (×103/mm3) (median [IQR]) | 157 [88–277] |
| Platelets < 100,000/mm3 after diagnosis (%) | 59 |
| Arterial lactate at diagnosis (mmol/l) (median [IQR]) | 3.6 [2–7.5] |
| Arterial lactate 24 h after diagnosis (mmol/l) (median [IQR]) | 3.4 [1.7–8.7] |
| Diagnostic procedures | |
| Time from ICU admission to diagnosis (days) (median [IQR]) | 1 [0–4] |
| CT-scan: | |
| Visualization of vessel obstruction (%) | 28 |
| Hypo-enhancement of bowel wall (%) | 64 |
| Bowel wall thickening (%) | 37 |
| Dilated bowel segment (%) | 21 |
| Fat stranding (%) | 2 |
| Pneumatosis intestinalis (%) | 37 |
| Air in mesenteric vessels (%) | 20 |
| Arteriography performed (%) | 8 |
| Laparotomy: | |
| Not performed (%) | 31 |
| Performed < 24 h post-diagnosis (%) | 66 |
| Performed > 24 h post-diagnosis (%) | 3 |
| Autopsy: | |
| Autopsy performed (%) | 17 |
| Discovery of AMI during autopsy (%) | 5 |
| Therapeutic procedures | |
| Vasopressors in the 24 h preceding diagnosis (%) | 51 |
| Maximal dose of vasopressors (gamma/min) (median [IQR]) | 30 [10–53] |
| Vasopressors post-diagnosis (%) | 81 |
| Antimicrobial therapy (%) | 90 |
| Anticoagulation (%) | 62 |
| Thrombolysis or embolectomy (%) | 5 |
| Stenting (%) | 5 |
| Laparoscopy (%) | 1 |
| Laparotomy (%) | 64 |
| Scores | |
| SOFA (mean ± SD) | 8.7 ± 5 |
| APACHE II (mean ± SD) | 25 ± 10 |
| Comorbidities during ICU stay | |
| New onset of atrial fibrillation (%) | 14 |
| Acute pancreatitis (%) | 8 |
| Sepsis, septic shock (%) | 58 |
| SCVO2 < 70% or need for inotropic agent (%) | 71 |
| Mechanical ventilation 24 h before diagnosis (%) | 47 |
| RRT after diagnosis (%) | 52 |
| Urine output at ICU admission (ml/24 h) (mean ± SD) | 928 ± 1011 |
| Worst urine output during ICU stay (ml/24 h) (mean ± SD) | 321 ± 523 |
| Urine output at the end of ICU stay (ml/24 h) (mean ± SD) | 638 ± 928 |
| No AKI (%) | 22 |
| RIFLE R, AKIN and KDIGO 1 (%) | 10 |
| RIFLE I, AKIN and KDIGO 2 (%) | 10 |
| RIFLE F/L/E, AKIN and KDIGO 3 (%) | 58 |
AMI acute mesenteric ischemia, SD standard deviation, IQR interquartile range, ICU intensive care unit, PMH prior medical history, NLR neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, RRT renal replacement therapy, AKI acute kidney injury