Table 5.

Prevalence of disease on microscopy (upper part of the table) and qPCR (lower part of the table), N (%, 95% CI) *McNemar to compare sensitivity and specificity present ratio of proportions. All ratios presented as XN-30 relative to HRP-2 and pLDH respectively

XN-30 and RDT (HRP-2 and pLDH) versus corrected microscopy results (n = 837)
	XN-30		HRP-2		Test ratio	p value	pLDH		Test ratio	p value
	Pos	Neg	Pos	Neg	95% CI		Pos	Neg	95% CI
Microscopy positive	234	3	231	6			208	29
Microscopy negative	21	579	136	464			9	591
Sensitivity	98.7%		97.5%		0.99 (0.97–1.01)	p = .45	87.8%		0.89 (0.85–0.93)	p < .0001
Specificity	96.5%		77.3%		6.47 (4.31–9.73)	p < .0001	98.5%		0.43 (0.23–0.81)	p = .012
PPV	91.8%		62.9%				95.9%
NPV	99.5%		98.7%				95.3%
XN-30 and RDT (HRP-2 and pLDH) versus qPCR results (n = 837)
	XN-30		HRP-2		Test ratio	p value	pLDH		Test ratio	p value
	Pos	Neg	Pos	Neg	95% CI		Pos	Neg	95% CI
qPCR > 0.05 p/μL	253	104	308	49			215	142
qPCR < 0.05 p/μL	2	478	59	421			2	478
Sensitivity	70.9%		86.3%		1.22 (1.15–1.29)	< 0.0001	60.2%		0.85 (0.80–0.89)	< .0001
Specificity	99.6%		87.7%		0.04 (0.01–0.14)	< 0.0001	99.6%		1.0 (0.07–13.8)	1.0
PPV	99.2%		83.9%				99.1%
NPV	82.1%		89.6%				77.1%

Pos positive, neg negative, HRP2 histidine-rich protein 2, pLDH pan-Plasmodium lactate dehydrogenase, qPCR qualitative polymerase chain reaction, PPV positive predictive value, NPV negative predictive value