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. 2019 May 30;17:183. doi: 10.1186/s12967-019-1938-8

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© The Author(s) 2019

Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.

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Fig. 1 — Comparison between individuals with sickle cell disease (SCD) and controls with iron deficiency anemia of comparable hemoglobin. a SCD patients had higher levels of serum iFABP compared to controls, indicating the presence of intestinal injury in SCD. b SCD patients had higher levels of serum LPS compared to controls, indicating increased amounts of bacterial products being translocated across SCD intestinal barrier to the systemic circulation. c SCD patients had higher levels of soluble CD62L compared to controls, indicating increased peripheral neutrophil activations in SCD. (Horizontal bars represent the means)