Table 4.
Weighted* Odds Ratios and 95% Confidence Intervals of FEV1% Predicted Quartile with Dementia, MCI, Alzheimer’s Disease–Type Dementia or MCI, and Dementia or MCI Caused by Cerebrovascular Disease: ARIC Study, 1987–2013
| FEV1% Predicted |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Quartile 1 | Quartile 2 | Quartile 3 | Quartile 4 | Trend (per 1 SD Decrease) | |
| n | 1,473 | 1,471 | 1,472 | 1,473 | |
| Dementia or MCI, n | 450 | 364 | 346 | 378 | |
| Model 1 | 1.38 (1.15–1.65) | 1.02 (0.85–1.23) | 0.92 (0.77–1.11) | 1 | 1.14 (1.07–1.22) |
| Model 2 | 1.35 (1.12–1.63) | 1.01 (0.84–1.22) | 0.92 (0.77–1.11) | 1 | 1.13 (1.06–1.21) |
| Model 3 | 1.27 (1.05–1.54) | 0.97 (0.80–1.17) | 0.89 (0.73–1.07) | 1 | 1.11 (1.04–1.20) |
| Model 4 | 1.26 (1.04–1.53) | 0.96 (0.79–1.16) | 0.88 (0.73–1.06) | 1 | 1.11 (1.03–1.19) |
| Dementia, n | 87 | 59 | 69 | 83 | |
| Model 1 | 1.33 (0.91–1.93) | 0.88 (0.59–1.30) | 0.95 (0.65–1.40) | 1 | 1.10 (0.97–1.26) |
| Model 2 | 1.23 (0.83–1.81) | 0.85 (0.57–1.27) | 0.95 (0.65–1.39) | 1 | 1.06 (0.93–1.22) |
| Model 3 | 1.09 (0.73–1.65) | 0.77 (0.50–1.18) | 0.90 (0.61–1.33) | 1 | 1.03 (0.89–1.20) |
| MCI, n | 363 | 305 | 277 | 295 | |
| Model 1 | 1.41 (1.16–1.71) | 1.08 (0.89–1.31) | 0.93 (0.77–1.14) | 1 | 1.16 (1.08–1.24) |
| Model 2 | 1.41 (1.16–1.72) | 1.08 (0.89–1.32) | 0.94 (0.77–1.14) | 1 | 1.16 (1.08–1.25) |
| Model 3 | 1.34 (1.10–1.64) | 1.04 (0.85–1.27) | 0.90 (0.74–1.10) | 1 | 1.14 (1.06–1.23) |
| AD-type dementia or MCI, n | 284 | 223 | 237 | 260 | |
| Model 1 | 1.23 (1.00–1.52) | 0.91 (0.73–1.13) | 0.91 (0.74–1.13) | 1 | 1.09 (1.01–1.18) |
| Model 2 | 1.26 (1.01–1.56) | 0.92 (0.74–1.15) | 0.92 (0.74–1.13) | 1 | 1.10 (1.01–1.19) |
| Model 3 | 1.23 (0.98–1.54) | 0.90 (0.72–1.13) | 0.89 (0.72–1.10) | 1 | 1.10 (1.01–1.19) |
| Cerebrovascular dementia or MCI, n | 57 | 53 | 35 | 43 | |
| Model 1 | 1.84 (1.18–2.88) | 1.33 (0.85–2.07) | 0.97 (0.58–1.60) | 1 | 1.33 (1.14–1.55) |
| Model 2 | 1.58 (1.02–2.46) | 1.26 (0.80–1.97) | 0.95 (0.57–1.57) | 1 | 1.25 (1.08–1.44) |
| Model 3 | 1.43 (0.91–2.24) | 1.15 (0.72–1.83) | 0.90 (0.54–1.49) | 1 | 1.23 (1.05–1.43) |
Definition of abbreviations: AD = Alzheimer’s disease; ARIC = Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities; MCI = mild cognitive impairment.
Model 1: Logistic regression adjusted for age, sex, center, education level, and race–center (five-level variable). Model 2: model 1 + additional adjustment for cigarette smoking and pack-years of smoking. Model 3: model 2 + additional adjustment for physical activity, body mass index, systolic blood pressure, blood pressure medication use, diabetes, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, lipid-lowering medications, prevalent coronary heart disease, heart failure, stroke, and apolipoprotein E genotype. Model 4: model 3 + fibrinogen.
Inverse-probability weighting was used.