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Figure 3. Transcript levels of genes involved in the determination of leaf polarity and class 1 KNOX genes. Levels of relative expression of (A) class 1 KNOX genes, (B) genes involved in leaf abaxialization (ETT and ARF4), (C) other genes that are involved in leaf abaxialization (KAN2, FIL, YAB5), and a gene that is involved in leaf adaxialization (PHB), respectively, relative to those levels in the wild-type (Col-0) plants. Total RNA was extracted from shoot apices of 14-day-old Col-0, as2-1, icu2-1, and as2-1 icu2-1. Each value was normalized by reference to the level of ACTIN2 (ACT2, at3g18780) transcripts. Light brown, light green and light blue show class 1 KNOX genes, abaxial determinant genes and an adaxial determinant gene, respectively. The values from wild-type plants were arbitrarily set at 1.0. Bars indicate the s.d. among more than three biological replicates. Significant differences from wild type were evaluated by Student’s t-test and are represented by asterisks (* p<0.05 and ** p<0.01).