Summary of findings 4. Percutaneous insertion versus open surgery for preventing catheter‐related infections in chronic peritoneal dialysis patients.
| Percutaneous insertion versus open surgery for preventing catheter‐related infections in chronic peritoneal dialysis patients | |||||
| Patient or population: chronic peritoneal dialysis patients Intervention: percutaneous insertion Comparison: open surgery | |||||
| Outcomes | Anticipated absolute effects* (95% CI) | Relative effect (95% CI) | No. of participants (studies) | Certainty of the evidence (GRADE) | |
| Risk with open surgery | Risk with percutaneous insertion | ||||
| Exit‐site/tunnel infection | 106 per 1,000 | 17 per 1,000 (2 to 138) | RR 0.16 (0.02 to 1.30) | 96 (2 RCTs) | ⊕⊕⊕⊝ MODERATE 1 |
| Catheter removal or replacement | 133 per 1,000 | 32 per 1,000 (4 to 272) | RR 0.24 (0.03 to 2.04) | 61 (1 RCT) | ⊕⊝⊝⊝ VERY LOW 2 |
| *The risk in the intervention group (and its 95% confidence interval) is based on the assumed risk in the comparison group and the relative effect of the intervention (and its 95% CI). CI: Confidence interval; RR: Risk ratio | |||||
| GRADE Working Group grades of evidence High certainty: We are very confident that the true effect lies close to that of the estimate of the effect Moderate certainty: We are moderately confident in the effect estimate: The true effect is likely to be close to the estimate of the effect, but there is a possibility that it is substantially different Low certainty: Our confidence in the effect estimate is limited: The true effect may be substantially different from the estimate of the effect Very low certainty: We have very little confidence in the effect estimate: The true effect is likely to be substantially different from the estimate of effect | |||||
1 Downgraded one level: suboptimal quality of studies
2 Downgraded two levels: single study with suboptimal quality and imprecision