Methods |
Study design: parallel RT
Study time frame/recruitment period: November 2007 to August 2008
Follow‐up period: 24 months
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Participants |
Country: China
Setting: single centre
All ESKD patients ≥ 18 years who underwent a first PD catheter placement
Number: treatment group (90); control group (99)
Mean age ± SD (years): treatment group (50.3 ± 14.1); control group (49.1 ± 15.6)
Sex (M/F): treatment group (49/41); control group (54/45)
Diabetes: not reported
Exclusion criteria: AKI; referral for kidney transplantation evaluation within 3 months; acute heart failure; acute MI within 3 months; acute respiratory distress syndrome at the time of enrolment; malignant disease; psychiatric disease
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Interventions |
Treatment group
Control group
Other information
All placements were performed by one of two designated experienced nephrologists
A prophylactic 2nd or 3rd‐generation cephalosporin was administered intravenously 1 hour before the catheter placement procedure
Patients underwent PD therapy immediately after the successful catheter placement and transited to continuous ambulatory PD 7 days later
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Outcomes |
1‐year and 2‐year catheter survival
Death, transfer to HD, kidney transplantation, refusal of PD therapy, or recovery of kidney function
Catheter dysfunction
Peritonitis diagnosed when two of the following conditions were present: abdominal pain; cloudy effluent with an effluent white cell count of more than 100/μL (≥ 50% polymorphonuclear neutrophils); or a positive effluent culture
Exit‐site infection: defined as erythema with or without skin induration and purulent discharge from the exit site
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Notes |
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Risk of bias |
Bias |
Authors' judgement |
Support for judgement |
Random sequence generation (selection bias) |
Unclear risk |
Insufficient information to permit judgement |
Allocation concealment (selection bias) |
Unclear risk |
Insufficient information to permit judgement |
Blinding of participants and personnel (performance bias)
All outcomes |
Unclear risk |
Insufficient information to permit judgement |
Blinding of outcome assessment (detection bias)
All outcomes |
Unclear risk |
Insufficient information to permit judgement |
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias)
All outcomes |
High risk |
22% dropout (43/189) |
Selective reporting (reporting bias) |
Low risk |
All the outcomes were reported |
Other bias |
Unclear risk |
Insufficient information to permit judgement |