Qian 2014.

Methods	Study design: parallel RCT Study time frame/recruitment period: March 2009 to November 2012 Follow‐up period: not reported
Participants	Country: China Setting: single centre ESKD patients Number: treatment group (14); control group (15) Mean age ± SD (years): treatment group (60.2 ± 5.7); control group (62.7 ± 8.6) Sex (M/F): treatment group (6/8); control group (7/8) Diabetes: not reported Exclusion criteria: not reported
Interventions	Treatment group Cystoscopy‐assisted PD catheter insertion Control group Open surgery
Outcomes	Exit‐site infection or tunnel tract Peritonitis Peritoneal fluid leak Catheter migration, catheter obstruction, hernia
Notes	Funding source: not reported
Risk of bias
Bias	Authors' judgement	Support for judgement
Random sequence generation (selection bias)	Unclear risk	Insufficient information to permit judgement
Allocation concealment (selection bias)	Unclear risk	Insufficient information to permit judgement
Blinding of participants and personnel (performance bias) All outcomes	Unclear risk	Insufficient information to permit judgement
Blinding of outcome assessment (detection bias) All outcomes	Unclear risk	Insufficient information to permit judgement
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) All outcomes	Unclear risk	Insufficient information to permit judgement
Selective reporting (reporting bias)	High risk	Not all the outcomes were reported
Other bias	Unclear risk	Insufficient information to permit judgement