Table 1.
Characteristics of included studies.
| Author, year | Sample size, gender M/F | Mean age, years (SD) | Description of PCI | Exercise interventions | Control interventions | Outcome measures | Follow-up |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Belardinelli, 2001 | Exercise: 59,49/10 Control: 59,50/9 |
53(11) 59(10) |
PCI with or without stent | Begin exercise 25d after PCI; 30 min stretching, calisthenics and pedaling; program were supervised by cardiologist 3 times per week lasted 6 months. | Basic daily mild physical activities and pharmacological therapy | LVEF; LVEDD; cardiac death; myocardial infarction; coronary angioplasty; CABG; restenosis | 6 months |
| Hofman-Bang, 1999 | Exercise: 46,37/9 Control: 41,36/5 |
53(7) 53(7) |
PCI with stent | Begin physical exercise after PCI; 4 times per week lasted 12 months. | Usual care | Myocardial infarction; CABG | 24 months |
| Kubo, 1992 | Exercise: 18,14/4 Control: 20,16/4 |
59(12) 58(10) |
PCI | Begin exercise 7d after PCI; 30-40 min treadmill or out-door walk-run program; 6 times per week lasted 12 weeks | No exercise | Restenosis | 12 weeks |
| Lee, 2013 | Exercise: 37,30/7 Control: 37,31/6 |
58.8 (10.8) 60.3(8.7) |
PCI with drug-eluting stent | Begin exercise after PCI; 10 minute warm-up, 40 minute aerobic exercise on a treadmill or bicycle ergometer, 10 minute cool-down phase; supervised exercise under prescription for 6 weeks and community-based / self-managed exercise 6 times per week over 9 months | No exercise | Cardiac death; myocardial infarction; CABG | 9 months |
| Mei J, 2006 | Exercise: 150 Control: 150 |
67.0 (9.1) | PCI with stent | Begin exercise after PCI; 10-20 minutes walking every time; 2 times per day and 14 times per week lasted 6 months | Usual care | Cardiac death; myocardial infarction; coronary angioplasty; CABG; restenosis; angina pectoris | 6, 12, 38 months |
| Munk, 2009 | Exercise: 20,17/3 Control: 20,16/4 |
57(14) 61(10) |
PCI with drug-eluting stent or bare metal stent | Begin 11 ± 4 d after PCI; 1 hour of interval training on treadmill or treadmill + strength training; 3 times a week lasted 6 months | No exercise and pharmacological therapy | Myocardial infarction; coronary angioplasty; CABG;angina pectoris | 6 months |
| Niu F, 2017 | Exercise: 124,63/61 Control: 132,73/59 |
62.63 (2.23) 62.32 (2.53) |
PCI | Begin 30 days after PCI; 20-30 minutes walking every time; 2 times per week lasted 8-12 months. | Usual care | LVEF; cardiac death; myocardial infarction; angina pectoris | 6 months |
| Vasiliauskas, 2007 | Exercise: 95 Control: 90 |
58.4 (4.3) 59.5 (5.2) |
PCI with balloon dilatation | Begin shortly after PCI; 1month stationary, 3 months outpatient, 2 months at home; 4 months 20 to 40 min treadmill, 2 months 30–60 min treadmill; 7 times per week lasted 6 months | Pharmacological therapy | LVEF; LVEDD; CABG; angina pectoris; restenosis; 6MWD | 6 months |
| Wang, 2016 | Exercise: 29,20/9 Control 29,19/10 |
55.28(3.10) 54.14(4.87) |
PCI with stent | Begin exercise after PCI; 30-60 minutes treadmill every time; 3-4 times per week lasted 6 weeks | Pharmacological therapy | LVEF | 6 weeks |
| Xu, 2017 | Exercise: 58,46/132 Control: 60,47/13 |
56.40(8.12) 58.62(7.96) |
PCI | Begin exercise after PCI; 1-2 months 30 to 40 minutes walking, 2-3 months 30–40 minutes rehabilitation gymnastics exercise; 3 times per week lasted 3 months. | Usual care | LVEF; LVEDD; 6MWD | 6 months |