Fig. 1.

a Schematic diagram of the SBR used when running the model. All parameters are detailed in Table 1. b Iteratively solved 9 point persistence curves for the maximum growth rate (µ_max) and endogenous decay (b_e) selection range at 1, 3, 5, 7, 10, and 15 days MRT. Constraints are placed on the range of maximal growth rates (μ_max,eco; 0.2–9.8 d⁻¹) and endogenous decay constants (b_e,eco; 0.02–0.2 d⁻¹), defining the ecological space available. The model uses controlling growth parameters (µ_{max,constrain}, b_e,constrain) of 5 and 0.11 d⁻¹, respectively. c Example of the steady-state output for the volume, substrate concentration, and two biomasses for the 1 d MRT