Comparison 10. Lithium vs risperidone.

Outcome or subgroup title	No. of studies	No. of participants	Statistical method	Effect size
1 Efficacy ‐ response (continuous): YMRS/MRS change at the end of the study	3	241	Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)	7.28 [5.22, 9.34]
2 Efficacy ‐ remission (categorical): YMRS < 12/ absence of DSM‐IV mania by end of trial	2	211	Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	1.30 [0.11, 14.95]
3 Efficacy ‐ response (continuous): CGI change from baseline to end of trial	2	62	Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)	0.90 [0.39, 1.41]
4 Drowsiness/ somnolence	2	219	Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	0.43 [0.24, 0.75]
5 Diarrhoea	2	219	Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	4.14 [1.12, 15.26]
6 Nausea	2	219	Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	2.49 [1.32, 4.69]
7 Drowsiness/ somnolence	1	46	Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	1.0 [0.27, 3.73]
8 Total withdrawal	3	255	Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	1.85 [1.02, 3.34]
9 Vomiting	2	219	Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	2.80 [1.22, 6.42]
10 Withdrawal due to adverse effects	1	179	Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	2.80 [0.72, 10.91]
11 CGI‐BP‐IM response	1	179	Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	0.25 [0.14, 0.47]
12 Appetite increase	1	173	Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	0.31 [0.16, 0.59]
13 Constipation	1	173	Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	0.43 [0.11, 1.74]
14 Frequent urination	2	219	Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	5.29 [2.12, 13.21]
15 Weight gain	1	173	Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	0.10 [0.03, 0.32]
16 Dry mouth	1	173	Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	2.42 [1.02, 5.75]
17 Abdominal Pain	1	173	Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	3.98 [1.91, 8.27]
18 Concomitant medication: mean total lorazepam (mg)	1	30	Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)	0.0 [0.0, 0.0]
19 Concomitant medication: use of orphenadrine	1	30	Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	0.17 [0.01, 3.96]