Comparison 11. Lithium vs aripiprazole.

Outcome or subgroup title	No. of studies	No. of participants	Statistical method	Effect size
1 Efficacy ‐ response (continuous): YMRS change by ≥ 50% at end of trial	1	309	Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	0.96 [0.62, 1.51]
2 Efficacy ‐ response (continuous): CGI BP change from baseline to end of trial	1	309	Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	0.20 [0.18, 0.22]
3 Efficacy ‐ remission (categorical): YMRS < 12 at end of trial	1	309	Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	0.99 [0.63, 1.56]
4 PANSS change from baseline to end of trial	1	268	Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	2.5 [2.16, 2.84]
5 Total withdrawal	1	315	Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	0.94 [0.60, 1.46]
6 CGI‐BP severity of illness score change from baseline to end of trial	1	307	Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	0.30 [0.28, 0.32]
7 MADRS change from baseline to end of trial	1	309	Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	1.0 [0.87, 1.13]
8 CGI BP depression change from baseline to end of trial	1	307	Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	0.10 [0.08, 0.12]
9 Weight	1	313	Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	‐0.78 [‐0.89, ‐0.67]
10 Akathisia	1	313	Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	0.43 [0.18, 1.02]
11 Constipation	1	313	Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	1.03 [0.50, 2.13]
12 Headache	1	313	Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	0.83 [0.48, 1.41]
13 Nausea	1	313	Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	1.03 [0.61, 1.75]
14 Somnolence/ sedation	1	313	Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	0.56 [0.26, 1.23]
15 Tremor	1	313	Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	1.45 [0.65, 3.24]
16 EPSE	1	313	Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	0.60 [0.34, 1.07]
17 Clinically relevant (> 7%) weight gain	1	184	Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	2.07 [0.18, 23.21]
18 Simpson Angus scale EPS LOCF	1	313	Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	‐0.51 [‐0.54, ‐0.48]
19 BARS score	1	313	Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI)	‐0.17 [‐0.18, ‐0.16]
20 Withdrawal due to lack of efficacy	1	315	Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	3.15 [1.42, 6.96]
21 Withdrawal due to adverse events	1	315	Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	0.82 [0.43, 1.56]
22 Concomitant use of anxiolytics	1	315	Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	0.72 [0.34, 1.53]
23 Concomitant use of analgesics/antipyretics	1	315	Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	1.05 [0.66, 1.67]
24 Concomitant use of anticholinergics	1	315	Odds Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	0.34 [0.17, 0.69]