Table 1.

Social and Behavioral Risk Factors Administrative Diagnostic Codes and Definitions used for Chart Review

Risk factors	Data source(s) used to identify patients in electronic health records	Definition used for chart review
Lives alone	ICD-9#	Evidence that a patient does not live with either a family member or a roommate on a consistent basis
Marginal housing	ICD-9##	An individual who lacks a fixed, regular, and adequate nighttime residence, or who lives in temporary or transitional housing; or who lives in a place not meant for human habitation**
Alcohol abuse	Clinical and Laboratory Data###	Evidence of continuous or impaired control over alcohol intake and use of alcohol despite its adverse consequences with evidence of alcohol use despite efforts to quite, mentions of the negative impacts of alcohol use on friends, family, interpersonal relationships, housing and employment opportunities***
Drug abuse	ICD-9####	Compulsive drug seeking and use despite harmful consequences with evidence of continued use despite efforts to quite, mentions of the negative impact of drug use on family, friends, interpersonal relationships, housing or employment opportunities, or (+) urine drug screen for methamphetamine, phencyclidine, cocaine or opiate or benzodiazepine without evidence of prescription****
Use of substance Abuse services	Clinic description codes	Evidence of patient utilizing substance abuse services in the year prior to discharge from the index hospitalization.
Violence	ICD-9###### and clinic description codes^	Evidence of physical action causing bodily harm to self or others as reported by the patient or care provider

**Adapted from the Housing and Urban Development (HUD) definition for homelessness;

***Adapted from the National Council on Alcoholism and Drug Dependence and the American Society for Addiction Medicine’s definitions of alcoholism;

****Adapted from the National Institute of Drug Abuse

ICD-9: Administrative Diagnostic Codes

^#ICD-9 Codes: v60.3, v60.4.

^##ICD-9 Codes: v60.0, v60.1.

^###Logical Observation Identifier Names and Codes (LOINC):

^####ICD-9 Codes: 965.00, 965.01, 965.02, 965.09, E850.0, E850.1, E850.2, E935.0, E935.1, E935.2, 304.xx, 305.x, 965.0x, 967.0, 969.4, 969.6, 969.7, E850.0, E850.1, E850.2, E854.1, E854.2, E854.3.

^#####VA Clinic Description Codes: 513, 514, 519, 545, 547, 548, 560, 593, 595, 596, 597, 598, 599.

^######ICD-9 Codes: E985.x, E986, E960.x, E962.0, E962.1, E962.2, E963, E965.x, E966, E967.x, E968.x, E970, E971, E972, E973, E974, E975, E976, E977

^VA Clinic Description Codes: 130, 131