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| Methods | Assignment: sealed envelop Follow‐up: 6 weeks | |
| Participants | Grade 3 and 4 hemorrhoids. Exclusion: previous or concomitant anorectal disease, allergy to trial medications. | |
| Interventions | Ligasure and conventional open technique (Milligan‐Morgan) | |
| Outcomes | Operating time, blood loss, pain, complications, wound healing. | |
| Notes | MJS 4 | |
| Risk of bias | ||
| Bias | Authors' judgement | Support for judgement |
| Allocation concealment (selection bias) | High risk | C ‐ Inadequate |
