Helical wheel representations of the hypervariable region (HVR) in different r-PAMs. Construction of helical wheels for the HVR in (A) PAMAP53, (B) PAMNS88.2, (C) PAMNS223, (D) PAMNS455, (E) PAMSS1448, (F) PAMSS1572, and (G) PAMSS1574 was performed using DrawCoil 1.0 (http://www.grigoryanlab.org/drawcoil/). The position of each residue is identical to that from the heptad register alignments (Fig. 3). The residues are categorized and highlighted in colored circles: grey, apolar residues; blue, positively charged residues; red, negatively charged residues; orange, polar residues. The blue and red dash lines indicate potential electrostatic attraction and repulsion, respectively, between residues at positions e and g, respectively.