Table 2.

Characteristics of patients and controls (means and tests)

	Mean		t-test		M–W test	Effect size
Variables	Patients (n = 11)	Controls (n = 9)	t-value	P-value	P-value	Hedges g
Age (in years)	62.55	64.00	0.220	0.414	0.904	0.102
Gender (% female)	45%	67%	0.921	0.185	0.456	0.414
MMSE (total score)	28.27	29.00	0.916	0.186	0.230	0.412
CCAS (total score)	84.20	92.50	1.110	0.142	0.274	0.526
Category Switching (% failure)	50%	13%	1.721	0.052°	0.203	0.816
Digit Span forward (% failure)	50%	0%	2.667	0.008**	0.083°	1.265
BDI-II (total score)	10.45	6.88	1.081	0.147	0.351	0.502

Note: `% failure’ refers to % below the cut-off point recommended by Hoche et al. (2018)

°P ≤ 0.10, *P ≤ 0.05, **P ≤ 0.01 given a one-sided t-test/M–W U test