Table 3.

Comparison of the range of motion.

	Flexion (°)			Extension (°)			Lateral bending (°)
	Model 1	Model 2	Model 3	Model 1	Model 2	Model 3	Model 1	Model 2	Model 3
L2–L3	3.86	5.4	3.28	2.97	3.3	2.32	4.77	5	3.31
L3–L4	3.06	6.1	3.58	2.12	2.3	1.18	3.47	4.3	3.33
L4–L5	3.58	7.1	4.49	2.56	4	3.89	4.01	3.8	2.08

Model 1 is the model developed in the current study. Model 2 is the model developed by Yamamoto et al. [19]. Model 3 is the model developed by Shirazi-Adl et al. [20].