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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2020 Jan 1.
Published in final edited form as: Bioessays. 2018 Dec 10;41(1):e1800128. doi: 10.1002/bies.201800128

Figure 2.-. Metabolic profile of quiescent CD4 T cells.

Figure 2.-

Quiescent CD4 T cells have a metabolism dominated by oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) in mitochondria. OXPHOS is fueled by pyruvate from glycolysis and by β oxidation of lipids. This metabolic program is enforced by the activity of NAD-dependent Sirtuins (Sirt). Nuclear Sirtuin 1 induces PGC-1, which increases mitochondrial biogenesis. Sirtuin 6 suppresses HIF-1 α and NFκB, decreasing glycolytic metabolism and effector functions. Mitochondrial Sirt 3 promotes OXPHOS, and Sirt 4 lowers the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). ER, endoplasmic reticulum. NAD, nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide. Glut1, glucose transporter 1.