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. 2019 May 27;10:1075. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01075

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Copyright © 2019 van Dalen, Blom, Walgreen, Slöetjes, Helsen, Geven, ter Huurne, Vogl, Roth, van de Loo, Koenders, Casteilla, van der Kraan, van den Bosch and van Lent.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Phagocytosis by PMNs is enhanced after priming with conditioned medium of IL-1β-stimulated ASCs. The immunomodulatory effect of ASCs on PMNs was investigated by assessment of the phagocytic capacity after priming with ASC-conditioned medium. (A) The uptake of labeled zymosan particles by murine PMNs primed with conditioned medium (CM) of non-stimulated ASCs (ASC_NS-CM) was significantly enhanced when compared to the negative control containing fresh culture medium. Incubation of PMNs with CM of ASCs which were stimulated with IL-1β (ASC_IL-1β-CM, no exogenous IL-1β is present) further enhanced phagocytosis when compared to ASC_NS-CM. (B) Human PMNs primed with ASC_NS-CM showed a similar increase in phagocytic capacity when compared to culture medium, which was even further enhanced after priming with ASC_IL-1β-CM. Closed circles represent murine samples, open triangles represent human samples (n = 3 per group). Differences between groups were tested using a one-way ANOVA followed by a Bonferroni Multiple Comparison posttest. Bars show mean values ± SD. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001.