Table 1.

Prevalence of intimate partner violence (IPV) in older women.

Reference	Aims	Sample	Design	Prevalence
[14]	To examine associations between lifelong domestic violence and frailty in four countries.	N = 2002 (1047 women) Aged 65-74 Albania, Brazil, Canada, Colombia	Cross-sectional analysis of data from the International Mobility in Aging Study (IMIAS), a population-based prospective study.	-Psychological IPV ever: 40.2%. -Physical IPV ever: 13.1%.
[15]	To compare the health of women with history of (i) physical IPV; (ii) sexual IPV; (iii) physical and sexual IPV; and (iv) no IPV.	N = 3008 women (1170 with history of physical and/or sexual IPV) Women enrolled in a health plan Aged 18-64 USA	Cross-sectional questionnaire study.	-Age 45-54: 37.7% physical IPV, 32.6% sexual IPV, 37.3% physical and sexual IPV (all ever). -Age 55-64: 28.5% physical IPV, 26.5% sexual IPV, 31.7% physical and sexual IPV (all ever).
[16]	To determine prevalence of domestic violence in women attending a gynaecology outpatient clinic and its association with gynaecological symptoms.	N = 825 women 183 aged 50+ Women attending UK gynaecological outpatients	Cross-sectional questionnaire study.	-Age 51-60: 6.8% physical domestic violence ever. -Age >60: 7.6% physical domestic violence ever.
[17]	To identify lifetime and current IPV among midlife women.	N = 354 women Aged 51-62 Australia	Cross-sectional data from a longitudinal study.	-IPV ever: 28.5%. -Physical IPV in past 12 months: 5.5%. -Sexual IPV in past 12 months: 11.8%.
[18]	To examine correlates of current and past violence by intimate partner and family members in community-dwelling senior.	N = 799 (422 women) Aged 65-74 Canada	Cross-sectional analysis of longitudinal data from IMIAS.	-Psychological IPV in past 6 months: 17.8%. -Physical IPV in past 6 months: 0%. -Psychological IPV ever: 16.6%. -Physical IPV ever: 7.1%.
[19]	To examine the association of domestic violence with physical and mental health of older women.	N = 277 women Aged 50-79 USA	Cross-sectional questionnaire study.	-Domestic violence ever: 31.9%.
[20]	To examine experiences and perceptions of domestic violence among older Chinese immigrants.	N = 77 men and women Number of women not reported Aged 50-86 USA	Analysis of cross-sectional data from larger survey of Chinese Americans, disaggregated by gender.	-Minor physical abuse in past 12 months: 7.1%. -Severe physical abuse in past 12 months: 0%. -Minor physical abuse ever: 14.3%. -Severe physical abuse ever: 3.6%.
[21]	To explore prevalence and factors associated with IPV among older women.	N = 10,264 women (2809 aged 50+) Aged 16-86 Germany	Cross-sectional analysis of national survey data.	-Age 50-65: 23.0% IPV ever. -Age 66-86: 10.0% IPV ever.
[22]	To explore unmet domestic violence needs of older women in a clinic population.	N = 110 women Aged 55+ Two mental health centres USA	Cross-sectional questionnaire study.	-Domestic violence ever: 54.5%.
[23]	To examine prevalence of IPV among older women in primary care.	N = 995 women Aged 55+ Registered with primary care USA	Cross-sectional questionnaire study.	-Psychological IPV ever: 2.5%. -Physical IPV ever: 1.6%. -Sexual IPV ever: 2.1%.
[24]	To examine the prevalence of IPV and its association with physical and mental health symptoms in older women.	N = 10,264 women (2809 aged 50+) Aged 16-86 Germany	Cross-sectional analysis of national survey data.	-Age 50-65: 30.0% IPV in past 12 months. -Age 66-86: 27.0% IPV in past 12 months.
[25]	To examine prevalence of IPV and associated factors among midlife and older women attending emergency departments and primary care clinics.	N + 620 women Aged 50-64 Women attending emergency departments or primary care clinics USA	Cross-sectional questionnaire study.	-IPV in past 24months: 5.5%.
[26]	To describe rates of self-reported IPV among older women within a private tertiary women’s health clinic.	N = 1389 women Aged 50-90 Women attending women’s health clinic USA	Cross-sectional questionnaire study.	-Verbal abuse in past 12 months: 7.0%. -Physical abuse in past 12 months: 1.0%. -Sexual abuse in past 12 months: <1.0%.
[27]	To define the extent and nature of IPV among older women.	National sample of women (number not reported) Aged 12+ USA	Analysis of longitudinal data from the National Crime Victimization Survey.	-Age 55+: 2.0% IPV in past 6 months (incidence 0.44/1000).
[28]	To examine the relationship between age, physical violence and non-physical abuse within the context of IPV.	N = 1249 women Aged 18-69 Number in age groups not reported USA	Cross-sectional analysis of data from the Michigan Violence Against Women Survey.	-Age 53-57: 21.8% past year IPV. -Age >58: 25.0% past year IPV.
[29]	To identify the prevalence of past-year IPV among women Veterans and document associated demographic, military, and primary care characteristics.	N = 6287 women Aged 18+ Number in age groups not reported Veterans health Administration (VHA) primary care users USA	Cross-sectional analysis of retrospective cohort data from the Women’s Overall Mental Health Assessment of Needs survey.	-Age 45-54: 22.2% past year IPV. -Age 55-64: 15.8% past year IPV. -Age 65+: 4.9% past year IPV.
[30]	To explore associations between socioeconomics/social relations and domestic violence in older adults.	N = 1209 (525 women) Aged 65-74 Albania, Brazil, Canada, Colombia	Cross-sectional analysis of data from IMIAS.	-Psychological IPV in past 6 months: 18.9%. -Physical IPV in past 6 months: 1.3%.