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. 2019 May 24;6(1):e000976. doi: 10.1136/openhrt-2018-000976

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© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2020. Re-use permitted under CC BY. Published by BMJ.

This is an open access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported (CC BY 4.0) license, which permits others to copy, redistribute, remix, transform and build upon this work for any purpose, provided the original work is properly cited, a link to the licence is given, and indication of whether changes were made. See: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Measured parameter on aortic left ventricle performance as function of HR. (A) RV (white circle), the closing volume CV (triangle), the LV at closed valve LV (diamond) and along the second axis the RF (grey circle). Bars error are omitted for clarity. (B) Estimated total regurgitant mean flow rate (RFR) (circle) and the two contributions due to closing mean flow rate (CFR) (triangle) and leakage mean flow rate (LFR) (diamond) (bars error are negligible). (C) estimated power P (white circle) and energy per stroke E (grey circle) of the left ventricle (bars error are negligible). Data are averaged over the 10 cycles. CV, closing volume; HR, heart rate; LV, leakage volume; RF, regurgitant fraction; RV, regurgitant volume.