Table 3. Comparison between the current trial (MULTI-IMPROD trial) and the pre-validation cohort (IMPROD trial).
| Measure | MULTI-IMPROD trial | IMPROD trial |
|---|---|---|
| Trial duration | February 2015–May 2017 | March 2013–February 2015 |
| Trial registration | NCT02241122 | NCT01864135 |
| Patient cohort in total | 338 | 161 |
| Participating centers | Turku, Pori, Tampere, Helsinki | Turku |
| Age, mean (SD), years | 64 (8) | 65 (8) |
| PSA, median (IQR), μg/l | 6.9 (3.9) | 7.5 (3.9) |
| IMPROD bpMRI Likert score | ||
| 1–2 | 75 (22%, 75/338) | 38 (23%, 38/161) |
| 3 | 66 (20%, 66/338) | 24 (14%, 24/161) |
| 4–5 | 197 (58%, 197/338) | 99 (61%, 99/161) |
| Sensitivity* | 97% (142/146) [93%–99%] | 95% (79/83) [88%–98%] |
| Specificity* | 37% (71/192) [31%–44%] | 44% (34/78) [33%–55%] |
| NPV* | 95% (71/75) [87%–98%] | 90% (34/38) [76%–96%] |
| PPV* | 54% (141/263) [48%–60%] | 64% (79/123) [55%–72%] |
| Accuracy* | 63% (217/338) | 70% (113/161) |
*Sensitivity, specificity, NPV, PPV, and accuracy values are based on binary classification (IMPROD bpMRI Likert score 1–2 versus 3–5) for predicting prostate cancer with Gleason score ≥ 3 + 4. 95% confidence intervals given in brackets.
bpMRI, biparametric magnetic resonance imaging; NPV, negative predictive value; PPV, positive predictive value; PSA, prostate specific antigen.