Table 1:
Baseline Demographics and Observed Clinical Outcomes
| Covariate or Outcome | PDA Stent n=104 | BT Shunt n=251 | p Value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Anatomic diagnosis, n (%) Isolated PS PA/IVS TA with PA or PS VSD/PA VSD/PS |
10 (9.6) 46 (44.2) 5 (4.8) 17 (16.3) 26 (25.0) |
1 (0.4) 50 (20) 39 (15.5) 99 (39.4) 62 (24.7) |
<0.001 |
| Expected two ventricle ultimate physiology, n (%) | 64 (61.5) | 112 (44.6) | 0.004 |
| Gestational age, weeks | 38.0 (36.4–39.0) | 38.0 (37.0–39.0) | 0.450 |
| Genetic syndrome, n (%) | 13 (12.5) | 38 (15.3) | 0.501 |
| Other co-morbid medical conditions, n (%) | 12 (11.7) | 49 (19.6) | 0.073 |
| Invasive ventilation pre-intervention, n (%) | 29 (28.8) | 78 (31.3) | 0.551 |
| Procedural complications, n (%) | 13 (12.5) | 54 (21.5) | 0.048 |
| Need for ECMO during recovery, n (%) | 2 (1.9%) | 14 (5.6) | 0.166 |
| Total duration of ventilation, days | 1 (0–2) | 3 (1–5) | <0.001 |
| Total ICU LOS, days | 3 (2–10) | 7 (4–16) | <0.001 |
| Total hospital LOS, days | 10 (6–20) | 13 (9–27) | <0.001 |
| Unplanned reintervention to treat cyanosis, n (%) | 12 (11.5) | 52 (20.7) | 0.041 |
| Planned/other reintervention, n (%) | 37 (35.6) | 4 (1.6) | <0.001 |
| Death, n (%) | 7 (6.7) | 26 (10.4) | 0.284 |
| Time to definitive surgical repair, days | 184 (122–310) | 150 (118–205) | <0.001 |
| Presence of any definitive surgical repair (Stage II palliation or definitive repair), n (%) | 68 (66.7) | 207 (82.5) | <0.001 |
| Presence of Stage II palliation, n (%) | 34 (33.3) | 130 (52.8) | <0.001 |
| Presence of definitive repair, n (%) | 34 (33.3) | 77 (31.3) | 0.694 |
| Pulmonary arterioplasty performed at definitive repair, n (%) | 33 (37.5) | 89 (42.2) | 0.511 |
Data are reported as median (25th-75th percentile) or n (%). ECMO = extracorporeal membrane oxygenation; ICU = intensive care unit; IVS = intact ventricular septum; LOS = length of stay; PA = pulmonary atresia; PS = pulmonary stenosis; TA = tricuspid atresia; VSD = ventricular septal defect.