Table 3.
Adjusted and unadjusted associations of diagnosis with neonatal dried blood spot total 25-hydroxyvitamin D
| ASD vs. TD | DD vs. TD | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variable | TD (n = 234) |
ASD (n = 357) |
DD (n = 134) |
OR (95% CI) | P-Value | OR (95% CI) | P-Value |
| Dried blood spot Vitamin D (nmol/L) | |||||||
| Mean (SD) | |||||||
| Crude model | 82.7 (39.3) | 80.1 (37.4) | 73.2 (37.6) | 0.96 (0.86–1.06) | 0.41 | 0.84 (0.73–0.98) | 0.02 |
| Adjusted model1 | 0.97 (0.87–1.08) | 0.58 | 0.90 (0.78–1.06) | 0.22 | |||
| Dried blood spot Vitamin D category | |||||||
| Frequency (%) | |||||||
| Crude model | |||||||
| Deficient (< 50 nmol/L) | 49 (20.9%) | 77 (21.6%) | 39 (29.1%) | 1.05 (0.68–1.60) | 0.84 | 1.78 (1.05–3.02) | 0.03 |
| Insufficient (50 - <75 nmol/L) | 62 (26.5%) | 95 (26.6%) | 40 (29.9%) | 1.02 (0.69–1.51) | 0.93 | 1.44 (0.87–2.40) | 0.16 |
| Sufficient (≥ 75 nmol/L) | 123 (52.6%) | 185 (51.8%) | 55 (41.0%) | reference | – | reference | – |
| Adjusted model1 | |||||||
| Deficient (<50 nmol/L) | 0.98 (0.63–1.51) | 0.91 | 1.36 (0.78–2.36) | 0.27 | |||
| Insufficient (50 - <75 nmol/L) | 0.98 (0.66–1.46) | 0.94 | 1.25 (0.74–2.11) | 0.41 | |||
| Sufficient (≥ 75 nmol/L) | reference | – | reference | – | |||
Note: OR = odds ratio; OR are reported for 25 nmol/L increase in total 25-hydroxyvitamin D.
1
Adjusted for maternal education and pre-pregnancy body mass index; adjusted models were performed using multiple imputations (n = 10), to account for the fact that some covariates were missing.