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. 2019 Jun 3;9:8237. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-44561-0

Table 4.

T-scores results for cognitive tests from exposure to PM from commuting on cognitive performance before and after exposure.

Test Exposure time mean SD* median K-S* p-value t-test p-value
MMSE Pre-exposure 49.6 9.5 50 0.02 0.008
Post-exposure 41.9 15.9 50
Stroop Word Pre-exposure 44.6 12.4 45 0.031 0.391
Post-exposure 47.1 12.2 48
Stroop Color Pre-exposure 47.1 12.3 45 >0.15 0.794
Post-exposure 46.8 10.8 45
Stroop Color-Word Pre-exposure 55.9 14.4 55.9 >0.15 0.384
Post-exposure 54.4 11.1 56
Stroop Interference Pre-exposure 60.1 9.0 59 >0.15 0.473
Post-exposure 59.1 7.3 57
Ruff 2 & 7 (Sustained attention-speed) Pre-exposure 55.3 13.5 55 0.044 0.232
Post-exposure 53.4 13.4 53
Ruff 2 & 7 (Sustained attention-accuracy) Pre-exposure 51.1 6.6 53 0.035 0.530
Post-exposure 50.2 8.0 53
Ruff 2 & 7 (Selective attention-ADS*) Pre-exposure 56.2 13.2 54 >0.15 0.006
Post-exposure 52.6 12.1 53
Ruff 2 & 7 (Selective attention-ADA*) Pre-exposure 51.9 3.8 52 0.047 0.634
Post-exposure 51.4 6.0 53
Ruff 2 & 7 (Selective attention-CSS*) Pre-exposure 51.8 15.5 52 >0.15 0.300
Post-exposure 50.3 15.2 50
Ruff 2 & 7 (Selective attention-CSA*) Pre-exposure 50.3 10.6 53 0.090 0.591
Post-exposure 49.2 11.5 52

*K-S: Kolmogorov-Smirnov; SD: standard deviation; ADS: Automatic detection speed; ADA: Automatic detection accuracy; CSS: Controlled search speed; CSA: Controlled search accuracy. Significantly robust t-test p-values are emboldened.