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. 2019 Jun 3;9:8234. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-44594-5

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© The Author(s) 2019

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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(a) Brightfield phase images of the HUVECs right after and 24 hours after seeding in the cell culture channel in the microfluidic device. (b) Phase images of the cell pattern formation on cultured HUVECs using laminar flow patterning. (c) Comparison of laminar flow pattern and the cell patterns formed within the cell culture channel. (d) Comparison of the widths of the cell patterns formed within ten different devices.