Table 1.
Gothenburg and Stockholm samples: background factors
| Variables | Gbg (n = 96)a | Stk (n = 207)b | Statistic | p |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Male (F (%)) | 79 (82.3) | 175 (84.5) | 0.245c | 0.621 |
| Age at T1-years (M (SD)) | 3.0 (0.53) | 3.8 (0.68) | -11.165d | < 0.001 |
| Age at T2-years (M (SD)) | 5.2 (0.53) | 5.5 (0.73) | -3.364d | 0.001 |
| Parents have different ethnicity (F (%)) | 22 (23.2) | 44 (21.4) | 0.123c | 0.726 |
| Any NDD in first degree relative? (F (%)) | 48 (50.0) | 71 (34.29) | 6.779c | 0.009 |
| Number siblings (M (SD)) | 1.62 (0.96) | 1.14 (0.81) | 4.40d | < 0.001 |
| Birth order (M (SD)) | 2.09 (0.96) | 1.63 (0.77) | 1.399d | < 0.001 |
| Any maternal disease in pregnancy? (F (%))e | 30 (31.3) | 87 (48.6) | 7.698c | 0.006 |
| Gestational age (M (SD)) | 39.2 (2.50) | 39.1 (2.16) | 0.367d | 0.714 |
| Born at term (37–41 weeks)? (F (%)) | 69 (71.9) | 178 (86.0) | 8.735c | 0.013 |
| Caesarean section? (F (%)) | 17 (17.7) | 59 (29.2) | 4.529c | 0.033 |
| Neonatal care? (F (%)) | 20 (20.8) | 39 (20.0) | 0.028c | 0.868 |
| Age walking (M (SD)) | 13.8 (2.92) | 14.5 (4.69) | − 1.575d | 0.116 |
| Toe walking? (F (%)) | 28 (29.2) | 70 (33.7) | 0.648c | 0.421 |
| Feeding problems first 2 years? (F (%)) | 46 (47.9) | 38 (18.4) | 28.599c | < 0.001 |
Significant p values (p < .01) are highlighted in bold
NDD: Neurodevelopmental Disorder
aSpecific N for each variable ranged from 88 to 96
bSpecific N for each variable ranged from 179 to 207
cchi-squared test
dt-test
eGbg data from single variable; Stk data compiled from more detailed data: chronic condition, acute condition, and/or pharmacological intervention in pregnancy