Effects of SPANXA1 on BCAP cell proliferation, migration, invasion and apoptosis. (A) Microscopy images of cells transfected with 50 nmol/l siRNA and control cells (magnification, ×400). (B) After transfection, SPANXA1 expression was decreased. (C) Proliferation of BCPAP cells treated with iodine at 1.0×10−6 mol/l as assessed by an MTT assay; SPANXA1-knockdown BCPAP cells exhibited suppressed proliferation. Migration of BCPAP cells with downregulated SPANXA1 was evaluated using (D) a Transwell assay and (E) invasion was analysed using a scratch-wound assay. Downregulation of SPANXA1 contributed to the inhibition of migration and invasion of iodine-treated BCPAP cells. Magnification, ×20. (F) Cell apoptosis results were obtained by flow cytometry and suggested that downregulation of SPANXA1 increased apoptosis in iodine-treated BCPAP cells (1.0×10−6 mol/l). *P<0.05 and **P<0.01 vs. the control group. NC, negative control; SPANXA1, sperm protein associated with the nucleus, X-linked, family member A1; si, small interfering; OD, optical density.