Table 1. Characteristics of All Emergency Department Visits by Children 18 Years and Younger in 4 Children’s Hospitals in Ontario, Canada, and 26 Children’s Hospitals in the United States (2006-2016).

Characteristic	Patients, No. (%)
	Ontario (n = 1 783 752)	United States (n = 21 807 332)
Age, mean (SD), y	6.1 (5.5)	5.6 (5.3)
Age group, y
<2	503 673 (28.2)	6 716 541 (30.8)
2-5	510 243 (28.6)	6 157 384 (28.2)
6-9	265 586 (14.9)	3 566 308 (16.4)
10-14	297 223 (16.7)	3 404 154 (15.6)
15-18	207 027 (11.6)	1 962 945 (9.0)
Sex
Male	961 768 (53.9)	11 600 876 (53.2)
Female	821 984 (46.1)	10 198 965 (46.8)
Neighborhood income quintile
1 (Lowest)	415 443 (23.3)	5 357 545 (24.6)
2	345 899 (19.4)	4 430 282 (20.3)
3	321 844 (18.0)	4 134 457 (19.0)
4	348 233 (19.5)	4 201 084 (19.3)
5 (Highest)	340 155 (19.1)	3 252 381 (14.9)
Missing	12 178 (0.7)	431 583 (2.0)
Distance (categories), km
0-10	982 566 (55.1)	7 554 587 (35.5)
11-30	563 086 (31.6)	9 506 553 (44.7)
31-50	143 322 (8.0)	2 244 240 (10.6)
51-80	47 346 (2.7)	1 068 936 (5.0)
>80	47 432 (2.7)	888 765 (4.2)
Any complex chronic condition	101 608 (5.7)	1 792 720 (8.2)
Emergency department disposition
Discharged	1 648 563 (92.4)	19 510 336 (88.8)
Admitted	135 189 (7.6)	2 296 996 (10.5)
Day of week
Weekday	1 260 557 (70.7)	15 349 280 (70.4)
Weekend	523 195 (29.3)	6 458 052 (29.6)
Arrival time
12 am to 8 am	219 308 (12.3)	3 257 112 (15.0)
8 am to 4 pm	757 558 (42.5)	7 887 930 (36.3)
4 pm to 12 am	806 886 (45.2)	10 573 709 (48.7)
Imaging use among all ED visits
Computed tomography
Head	22 942 (1.3)	753 270 (3.5)
Abdomen	5626 (0.3)	211 018 (1.0)
Magnetic resonance imaging, head	9224 (0.5)	105 515 (0.5)
Radiographic imaging
Chest	208 843 (11.7)	3 408 540 (15.6)
Abdomen	77 147 (4.3)	3 607 141 (16.5)
Ultrasonographic imaging, abdomen	69 750 (3.9)	624 518 (2.9)