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. 2019 May 23;137(8):867–876. doi: 10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2019.1318

Figure. Results of Genome-Wide Association Study (GWAS).

Figure.

A, Quantile-quantile plot of GWAS P values; little evidence for population stratification was found (λ = 1.01). B, Smiley plot of effect size vs allele frequency. C, Manhattan plot of GWAS P values. Two regions with genome-wide significant variations are highlighted.