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. 2019 May 29;179(8):1105–1112. doi: 10.1001/jamainternmed.2019.0899

Table 3. Hazard Ratios and 95% CIs for All-Cause Mortality by Mean Steps per Day.

Variable No. of Cases No. of Women Hazard Ratio (95% CI)a
Model 1 Model 2 Model 3 Model 4 (Adjusted for Stepping Intensity)
Mean steps/d
Quartile 1 (lowest) 275 4185 [Reference] [Reference] [Reference] [Reference]
Quartile 2 103 4185 0.51 (0.40-0.64) 0.59 (0.47-0.75) 0.54 (0.43-0.69) 0.68 (0.53-0.89)
Quartile 3 77 4186 0.44 (0.34-0.58) 0.54 (0.41-0.72) 0.47 (0.35-0.62) 0.68 (0.49-0.94)
Quartile 4 (highest) 49 4185 0.33 (0.23-0.45) 0.42 (0.30-0.60) 0.34 (0.24-0.48) 0.58 (0.38-0.88)
P value for trend <.01 <.01 <.01 <.01
Per 1000 steps/d 0.80 (0.76-0.84) 0.85 (0.81-0.90) 0.82 (0.78-0.87) 0.89 (0.83-0.95)
a

Model 1 is adjusted for age and wear time. Model 2 is adjusted for Model 1 variables plus smoking status; alcohol use; intakes of saturated fat, fiber, fruits, and vegetables; hormone therapy; parental history of myocardial infarction; family history of cancer; general health; history of cardiovascular disease; history of cancer; and cancer screening. Model 3 is adjusted for Model 2 variables plus body mass index, calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared; history of hypertension, high cholesterol, and diabetes. Model 4 is adjusted for Model 2 variables plus peak 1-minute cadence.