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. 2019 Jun 3;10:2417. doi: 10.1038/s41467-019-10310-0

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© The Author(s) 2019

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 2 — Selected simulations with bivariate model: a the estimates of polygenic overlap; b the estimates of correlation of the effect sizes in shared polygenic component; c the estimates of genetic correlation. The bars in blue indicate an average value of model estimates across ten simulation runs. The bars in cyan show true (simulated) parameters. Error bars represent standard deviation of the model estimate across ten simulation runs. Individual simulation runs are shown as dot points. Different bars correspond to levels of polygenic overlap: from zero (no overlap) to complete polygenic overlap. Simulated heritability is 0.4, simulated fraction of causal variants is 0.03% in both traits