Table 2.
Prognostic effects of host-related biomarkers according to Cox proportional hazards regression analysis
| Variable | Univariate analysis | Multivariate analysis | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HR | 95% CI | P-value | HR | 95% CI | P-value | |
| Clinicopathologic factors | ||||||
| Age (years) | ||||||
| <65 | 1 | 1 | ||||
| ≥65 | 1.64 | 1.14-2.35 | 0.008 | 2.03 | 1.38-2.98 | <0.001 |
| Sex | ||||||
| Men | 1 | |||||
| Women | 0.73 | 0.51-1.04 | 0.084 | |||
| ECOG-PS | ||||||
| 0-1 | 1 | 1 | ||||
| 2 | 2.01 | 1.40-2.88 | <0.001 | 1.37 | 0.93-2.02 | 0.109 |
| Histologic type | ||||||
| Squamous cell carcinoma | 1 | |||||
| Non-squamous cell carcinoma | 0.69 | 0.45-1.08 | 0.103 | |||
| Stage | ||||||
| IIIB | 1 | |||||
| IV | 1.12 | 0.58-2.13 | 0.74 | |||
| No. of organs with metastasis | ||||||
| 0-1 | 1 | 1 | ||||
| ≥2 | 1.89 | 1.31-2.73 | <0.001 | 1.35 | 0.91-2.01 | 0.133 |
| Biomarkers | ||||||
| CRP (mg/L) | ||||||
| ≤10 | 1 | 1 | ||||
| >10 | 2.54 | 1.76-3.68 | <0.001 | 1.95 | 1.30-2.93 | 0.001 |
| Hemoglobin (g/dL) | ||||||
| Men <13, women <12 | 1 | |||||
| Men ≥13, women ≥12 | 0.69 | 0.48-0.99 | 0.045 | |||
| Ferritin (ng/mL) | ||||||
| Men ≤200, women ≤150 | 1 | |||||
| Men >200, women >150 | 1.91 | 1.33-2.73 | <0.001 | |||
| Ferritin/hemoglobin | ||||||
| <13 | 1 | 1 | ||||
| ≥13 | 2.19 | 1.52-3.16 | <0.001 | 1.94 | 1.29-2.91 | 0.002 |
Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; CRP; C-reactive protein; ECOG-PS, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group-performance status; HR, hazard ratio.