Table 2.
Childhood Poverty & Intergenerational Transfers: Logistic Regression
| Childhood poverty |
Ever inherit |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | |
| Mexican American | 0.79*** (0.08) | 0.46*** (0.09) | – | −1.18*** (0.08) | −0.82*** (0.09) | – |
| First generation | – | – | 0.72*** (0.14) | – | – | −1.07*** (0.17) |
| Second generation | – | – | 0.39** (0.14) | – | – | −0.61*** (0.15) |
| Third generation plus | – | – | 0.13 (0.13) | – | – | −0.60*** (0.12) |
| African American | 0.91*** (0.05) | 0.51*** (0.06) | 0.51*** (0.06) | −0.88*** (0.08) | −0.72*** (0.06) | −0.72*** (0.06) |
| Puerto Rican | 1.26*** (0.13) | 0.45** (0.15) | 0.46** (0.15) | −1.39*** (0.16) | −0.10*** (0.17) | −1.00*** (0.17) |
| Cuban | −0.55 (0.31) | −0.63 (0.33) | −0.63* (0.33) | 0.06 (0.22) | 0.14 (0.23) | 0.14 (0.23) |
| Father’s education | ||||||
| High school | – | −0.40*** (0.06) | −0.39*** (0.06) | – | 0.30*** (0.06) | 0.30*** (0.06) |
| Some college | – | −0.55*** (0.12) | −0.54*** (0.12) | – | 0.33** (0.09) | 0.33** (0.09) |
| College degree | – | −0.46** (0.14) | −0.45** (0.14) | – | 0.68*** (0.10) | 0.68*** (0.10) |
| Advanced degree | – | −0.38* (0.18) | −0.38* (0.18) | – | 0.82*** (0.13) | 0.83*** (0.13) |
| Mother’s education | ||||||
| High school | – | −0.54*** (0.06) | −0.53*** (0.06) | – | 0.41*** (0.06) | 0.41*** (0.06) |
| Some college | – | −0.44*** (0.11) | −0.44*** (0.11) | – | 0.67*** (0.09) | 0.67*** (0.09) |
| College degree | – | −0.73*** (0.18) | −0.73*** (0.18) | – | 0.86*** (0.13) | 0.87*** (0.13) |
| Advanced degree | – | −0.44 (0.26) | −0.44 (0.26) | – | 0.83*** (0.19) | 0.83*** (0.19) |
| Father worked full-time | – | −0.80*** (0.05) | −0.80*** (0.05) | – | 0.07 (0.06) | 0.07 (0.06) |
| Mother worked full-time | – | −0.58*** (0.05) | −0.58*** (0.05) | – | 0.04 (0.05) | 0.04 (0.05) |
| Father’s occupation | ||||||
| Professional | – | −0.18 (0.14) | −0.18 (0.14) | – | 0.39*** (0.10) | 0.39*** (0.10) |
| Managerial | – | 0.05 (0.11) | 0.06 (0.11) | – | 0.25** (0.08) | 0.24** (0.08) |
| Sales | – | 0.06 (0.17) | 0.06 (0.17) | – | 0.22 (0.12) | 0.22 (0.12) |
| Mother’s occupation | ||||||
| Professional | – | −0.71*** (0.15) | −0.71*** (0.15) | – | 0.20* (0.10) | 0.19 (0.10) |
| Managerial | – | 0.02 (0.19) | 0.04 (0.19) | – | 0.03 (0.14) | 0.02 (0.14) |
| Sales | – | −0.15 (0.18) | −0.16 (0.18) | – | 0.25 (0.13) | 0.25 (0.13) |
| Childhood family | ||||||
| Stepparent family | – | 0.15 (0.09) | 0.15 (0.09) | – | −0.00 (0.08) | −0.00 (0.08) |
| Single-parent family | – | 0.69*** (0.06) | 0.70*** (0.06) | – | −0.03 (0.06) | −0.04 (0.06) |
| Number of siblings | – | −0.05*** (0.01) | −0.05*** (0.01) | – | 0.07*** (0.01) | 0.07*** (0.01) |
| Extended family members | – | 0.17*** (0.03) | 0.17*** (0.03) | – | −0.01 (0.03) | −0.01 (0.03) |
| Moved frequently | – | 1.30*** (0.23) | 1.31*** (0.23) | – | −0.24 (0.23) | −0.24 (0.23) |
| Age | 0.28 (0.25) | 0.50 (0.27) | 0.51 (0.27) | −0.14 (0.23) | −0.29 (0.24) | −0.29 (0.24) |
| Age (squared) | −0.01 (0.01) | −0.01* (0.01) | −0.01* (0.01) | 0.00 (0.01) | 0.01 (0.00) | 0.01 (0.00) |
| Male | −0.23*** (0.05) | −0.23*** (0.05) | −0.24*** (0.05) | −0.12** (0.04) | −0.15** (0.04) | −0.15** (0.04) |
| Region of residence | ||||||
| North Central | −0.18* (0.08) | −0.15 (0.08) | −0.14 (0.08) | −0.20** (0.07) | −0.22** (0.07) | −0.23** (0.07) |
| South | 0.17** (0.07) | 0.21** (0.07) | 0.22** (0.07) | −0.23*** (0.06) | −0.18** (0.06) | −0.19** (0.06) |
| West | −0.08 (0.08) | 0.00 (0.09) | −0.02 (0.09) | 0.00 (0.07) | −0.05 (0.08) | −0.05 (0.08) |
| Urban | −0.26*** (0.05) | −0.14** (0.06) | −0.14** (0.06) | 0.31*** (0.05) | 0.17** (0.05) | 0.17** (0.05) |
Note: Standard errors are in parentheses. Childhood poverty indicates that childhood household income was below the poverty line. Inheritance indicates that the respondent ever received an intergenerational transfer from an older generation.
***
p < 0.001
**
p < 0.01
*
p < 0.05