Table II.
Comparison of patients with type B aortic dissection with and without left ventricular hypertrophy as detected by on echocardiography completed within 6 weeks of the acute presentation
| N (%)/Mean ± SD | LVH (n=51) | No LVH (n=39) | P |
|---|---|---|---|
| Transferred from an outside hospital | 42 (82.4) | 27 (69.2) | .14 |
| Age at dissection diagnosis | 57.7 ± 13.5 | 57.3 ± 13.0 | .89 |
| Male | 36 (70.6) | 30 (76.9) | .50 |
| Race | .04 | ||
| American Indian or Alaska Native | 2 (3.9) | 0 | |
| Asian | 5 (9.8) | 2 (5.1) | |
| Black or African American | 11 (21.6) | 2 (5.1) | |
| Caucasian | 26 (50.9) | 30 (76.9) | |
| Multiracial | 7 (13.7) | 3 (7.7) | |
| Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander | 0 | 2 (5.1) | |
| Comorbid conditions | |||
| Hypertension | 44 (86.3) | 28 (71.8) | .09 |
| Uncontrolled hypertensiona | 25 (49.0) | 7 (17.9) | <.01 |
| On 3 or more antihypertensives | 7 (13.7) | 2 (5.1) | .18 |
| Coronary artery disease | 7 (13.7) | 8 (20.5) | .39 |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 1 (2.0) | 3 (7.7) | .31 |
| Admission eGFR | 58.9 ± 22.5 | 68.5 ± 28.1 | .08 |
| Marfan syndrome | 0 | 5 (12.8) | .01 |
| Family historyb | 7 (13.7) | 8 (20.5) | .39 |
| Ever smoker | 36 (70.6) | 23 (59.0) | .25 |
| Methamphetamine or cocaine use | 8 (15.7) | 4 (10.3) | .45 |
| Blood pressure | |||
| Peak systolic blood pressure at presentation | 190 (151, 211) | 160 (143, 185) | .01 |
| Peak diastolic blood pressure at presentation | 99 (86, 114) | 87 (72, 100) | .02 |
| Systolic blood pressure at time of echo | 122.9 ± 16.1 | 122.5 ± 20.9 | .94 |
| Diastolic blood pressure at time of echo | 67.3 ± 13.7 | 65.1 ± 16.6 | .52 |
| Outcomes | |||
| Operative management during initial hospitalization | 11 (21.6) | 5 (12.8) | .28 |
| Initial hospitalization length of stay (days) | 11 (7, 21) | 9 (6, 12) | .17 |
| Disposition after acute episode hospitalization | .69 | ||
| Discharged alive | 46 (90.2) | 37 (94.9) | |
| Transferred | 1 (2) | 1 (2.6) | |
| Died | 4 (7.8) | 1 (2.6) | |
| Follow-up duration (years) | 3.1 ± 3.4 | 5.0 ± 3.8 | .02 |
| Age at death | 58.2 ± 13.7 | 65.6 ± 12.9 | .19 |
| All-cause mortality | 18 (35.3) | 9 (23.1) | .21 |
| Cause of death | .24 | ||
| Aortic-related | 9 (50.0) | 4 (44.4) | |
| Cardiac-related | 2 (11.1) | 3 (33.3) | |
| Malignancy | 0 | 1 (11.1) | |
| Other | 4 (22.2) | 1 (11.1) | |
| Unknown | 3 (16.7) | 0 | |
a.
Hypertension described as untreated, difficult to control, poorly controlled, or noncompliant
b.
Refers to family history of aortic or arterial aneurysm/dissection or sudden death.