Table 2:
Comparison of national annual estimated rates of surgical procedures performed in Ghana for the elderly and patients below 65 years
| Patients >65 years | Patients <65 years | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | Rate* | N | Rate** | |
| Essential surgical procedures | 11,888 | 1295 | 153,645 | 594 |
| General surgery (basic, intermediate) | 6,113 | 666 | 32,032 | 124 |
| Herniorrhaphy and hydroceiectomy | 2,363 | 257 | 14,680 | 57 |
| Superficial abscess drainage, wound debridement | 965 | 105 | 6,928 | 30 |
| Laparotomy for peritonitis (e.g., perforated viscus, appendicitis, cholecystitis) | 216 | 24 | 4,597 | 19 |
| Release of urinary obstruction | 2,416 | 263 | 1,454 | 14 |
| Male circumcision | 30 | 3 | 3,092 | 12 |
| Bowel obstruction | 105 | 11 | 943 | 4 |
| Colostomy | 19 | 2 | 336 | 1 |
| Cataract surgery | 2,109 | 230 | 1,728 | 7 |
| Dental procedures | 1,867 | 203 | 19,619 | 76 |
| Trauma (basic, intermediate) | 1,791 | 195 | 25,132 | 97 |
| Skin and soft tissue procedures | 494 | 54 | 12,278 | 49 |
| Orthopedic procedures | 1,144 | 125 | 11,481 | 48 |
| Tube thoracostomy | 52 | 6 | 473 | 2 |
| Trauma laparotomy | 26 | 3 | 624 | 2 |
| Burr hole | 44 | 5 | 198 | 1 |
| Surgical airway | 30 | 3 | 78 | 0 |
| Ob-gyn (basic, intermediate) | 8 | 1 | 74,083 | 286 |
| Congenital conditions (basic, intermediate) | 0 | 0 | 1,051 | 4 |
| Other surgical procedures | 4,119 | 449 | 44,933 | 174 |
| General Surgical procedures | 1,104 | 120 | 9,095 | 35 |
| Excision biopsy for soft tissue masses | 329 | 36 | 3,748 | 14 |
| Procedures for breast conditions (including cancer) | 99 | 11 | 1,882 | 7 |
| Procedures for other benign general surgical conditions† | 556 | 61 | 3,110 | 12 |
| Procedures for gastrointestinal and other general surgical cancers | 121 | 13 | 356 | 1 |
| Head/Neck procedures | 1,007 | 110 | 10,985 | 42 |
| Foreign body removal | 891 | 97 | 8,806 | 34 |
| Procedures for other benign head/neck conditions‡ | 63 | 7 | 2,007 | 8 |
| Procedures for head/neck cancer | 53 | 6 | 172 | 1 |
| Miscellaneous minor procedures# | 563 | 61 | 4,983 | 19 |
| Advanced trauma and orthopedic procedures | 509 | 55 | 5,102 | 20 |
| Open reduction +/− internal fixation | 299 | 33 | 3,143 | 12 |
| Thoracotomy | 0 | 0 | 15 | 0 |
| Craniotomy | 7 | 1 | 210 | 1 |
| Tendon repairs/release of contractures | 20 | 2 | 480 | 2 |
| Other advanced orthopedic procedures | 183 | 20 | 1,253 | 5 |
| Ob-gyn procedures | 405 | 44 | 11,323 | 44 |
| Procedures for benign Ob-gyn conditions | 224 | 24 | 9,728 | 38 |
| Procedures for gynecologic cancers | 181 | 20 | 1,595 | 6 |
| Urological procedures (including cancers) | 332 | 36 | 2,324 | 9 |
| Other ophthalmology procedures§ | 199 | 22 | 1,122 | 4 |
| Total | 16,007 | 1744 | 198,578 | 768 |
*
Rate per 100,000 patients ≥65 years;
**
Rate per 100,000 patients <65 years
†
includes goiter, hemorrhoids, rectal prolapse, diabetic foot and toe gangrene secondary to critical limb ischemia.
‡
includes neck abscess, sialolithiasis, benign parotid masses, chronic sinusitis, epistaxis.
#
includes excision of ingrowing toenails, intra-articular injections for osteoarthritis, wound dressing under sedation, ear irrigation.
§
includes pterygium excisions, tarsorrhaphy, trabeculectomy and anterior chamber washouts.